Eruchin 7:5 - 8:1

הלוקח שדה מאביו, מת אביו ואח"כ הקדישה הרי היא כשדה אחוזה – for prior to his dedicating/sanctifying it (i.e., his hand), it fell to him as an inheritance. Therefore, if he comes to redeem it, he redeems a Bet Kor for fifty shekels like an ancestral land, but he does not redeem it, but another redeems it, and it goes to the Kohanim in the Jubilee year (see Leviticus 27:16: “If anyone consecrates to the LORD any land that he owns/שדה אחוזתו, it assessment shall be in accordance with the seed requirements: fifty shekels of silver to a HOMER of barley seed.”).

הרי היא כשדה מקנה – for we follow after the time that it was dedicated/sanctified. But if he comes to redeem it, he redeems the field according to its worth like the law of an acquired field, but if he himself did not redeem but another person redeemed, it returns to him on the Jubilee [year]. For at the time it was dedicated/sanctified, its actual body was not his, for in the future it would return to his father in the Jubilee like all other sales, and like others who dedicate/sanctify an acquired field, since the person who redeems it from the hand of the treasurer restores/returns it on the Jubilee to whomever has the possession of the land [through inheritance], which is to the father of this one, for he inherits the power of his father. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.

שדה מקנה – that he dedicated/sanctified it and another redeemed it, it does not out to the Kohanim on the Jubilee [year], for a person does not dedicate/sanctify something that is not his, and the land was not his other than until the Jubilee.

כהנים ולוים מקדישים לעולם – and even during the actual year of Jubilee itself. But an Israelite who dedicated/sanctified his field in the Jubilee year itself, it is not sanctified.

וגואלין לעולם – what is not the case for an Israelite who does not redeem [his field] after the Jubilee, as it is it written (Leviticus 27:20): “[But if he does not redeem the land,] and the land is sold to another, it shall no longer be redeemable,” but a Kohen or a Levite that sanctified [to the Temple] land that he inherited from his forefathers, he can always redeem it, and even if a Jubilee [year] passed on it and it was not redeemed, he can redeem it after the Jubilee, as it is written (Leviticus 25:32): “[As for the cities of the Levities, the houses in the cities that they hold -] the Levities shall forever have the right of redemption.”

המקדיש. בשעה שאינה יובל – at the time when the Jubilee [year] is not in force/being observed.

פתח אתה ראשון – with how much [money] do you want to redeem it. And because of ample provision/ gain [for redemption of the field when Jubilee is not in force] for something dedicated/sanctified to the Temple, they ask him first and the owners add an additional fifth. And for this reason, it (i.e., the Mishnah) took the language of: “when the Jubilee is not in force,” for at the time when the Jubilee is in force, there is no need to ask him for how much he will redeem it, for its monetary values are determined: a Bet Kor (i.e., an area requiring a Kor of seed) for fifty shekel. But at the time when the Jubilee is not in force, such as after the tribe(s) of Reuven and Gad were exiled, they eliminated the Jubilee years as it is written (Leviticus 25:10): “you shall proclaim release throughout the land for all of its inhabitants,” at a time when all of its inhabitants are upon it (i.e., the land), but not at a time when they were exiled from its midst, for then it is redeemed at its worth.

שהבעלים נותנים את החומש – all the monies of its worth and one-fourth more. And Similarly, every “added fifth” that is mentioned in the Torah, it would be the principal and its added fifth part. But because of three things, we state to the owners: “You open/declare first,” one of them is that the owners add the fifth, as is taught in our Mishnah. And the second is that the commandment of redemption is with the master, as it is written (Leviticus 27:27): “if it is not redeemed, [it shall be sold at its assessment],” so we see that the commandment of redemption precedes that of selling (see Tractate Arakhin 27a). And the third is that he adds and gives for its redemption more than other people, for a person desires his measure of capacity, one sixth of a Se’ah.

איסר – eight pennies.

לא אמר זה אלא כביצה – that is to say, this was not what actually happened, for he didn’t say, “for an Issar,” but rather, “with an egg.” And the treasurer said to him: “It’s yours; it is yours for an egg.” But there is a dispute of the first Tanna/teacher and Rabbi Yossi, as the Rabbis hold that we don’t redeem something dedicated [to the Temple] for less than four pennies, in order that the added fifth will [also] be a penny. But Rabbi Yossi holds, we redeem something dedicated [to the Temple] for anything, and even though its added fifth is not worth the equivalent of a penny. But the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher.