Today's Mishnah Yomi
Shevuos 4:7 - 4:8
The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, February 24, 2025 is Shevuos 4:7 - 4:8
Mishnah 1
Change text layout:
Mishnayos Shevuos Perek 4 Mishnah 7
שבועות פרק ד׳ משנה ז׳
In a case where the plaintiff said to two witnesses: I administer an oath to you concerning your refusal to testify if you do not come and testify that I am a priest, or that I am a Levite, or that I am not the son of a priest and a divorced woman, or that I am not the son of a priest and a ḥalutza, or that so-and-so is a priest, or that so-and-so is a Levite, or that he is not the son of a priest and a divorced woman, or that he is not the son of a priest and a ḥalutza; in all these cases the witnesses are exempt from liability for taking a false oath of testimony, because these do not involve monetary claims. Likewise, if the plaintiff said to them: I administer an oath to you concerning your refusal to testify if you do not come and testify that so-and-so raped his daughter, or that he seduced his daughter, or that my son injured me, or that another person wounded me on Shabbat, or that he set my stack of grain on fire on Shabbat; in all these cases these witnesses are exempt, as each case is punishable with the death penalty, and therefore they are cases that do not involve monetary payment.
מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם אִם לֹא תָבֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי שֶׁאֲנִי כֹהֵן, שֶׁאֲנִי לֵוִי, שֶׁאֵינִי בֶן גְּרוּשָׁה, שֶׁאֵינִי בֶן חֲלוּצָה, שֶׁאִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי כֹהֵן, שֶׁאִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי לֵוִי, שֶׁאֵינוֹ בֶן גְּרוּשָׁה, שֶׁאֵינוֹ בֶן חֲלוּצָה, שֶׁאָנַס אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי אֶת בִּתּוֹ, וּפִתָּה אֶת בִּתּוֹ, וְשֶׁחָבַל בִּי בְנִי, וְשֶׁחָבַל בִּי חֲבֵרִי, וְשֶׁהִדְלִיק גְּדִישִׁי בְשַׁבָּת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ פְטוּרִין:
Bartenura
שאני כהן. פטורין, שאין העדים חייבין אלא כשכפרו בדבר שיש בו תביעות ממון:
שאנס איש פלוני או פיתה בתו של פלוני. ובתו דקתני, אאיש פלוני כהן דלעיל קאי, [דתנא לעיל מיניה שאיש פלוני כהן או לוי ואינו בן גרושה, ועליה קאי] או שהשביען שאנס איש פלוני את בתו של אותו פלוני דאיירי ביה עד השתא. פטורים, דבעינן שישמעו מפי התובע. ובגמרא מוקי לה בבא בהרשאה. ואי תביעת ממון אחר הוי, היו חייבים. ואשמועינן דאין נחשב המורשה בעל דין בזה כשאר ממון, דכיון דממון שהוא שואל לא מטא לידיה מעולם, לא מצי למכתב הרשאה עליה:
ושחבל בי בני. חבלה היא חבורה. פטורין, שאם העידוהו היה מתחייב מיתה ולא ממון:
ושחבל בי חברי ושהדליק את גדישי בשבת. דתרוייהו חיוב מיתה נינהו ופטורים מן הממון:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Shevuos Perek 4 Mishnah 8
שבועות פרק ד׳ משנה ח׳
If one said to witnesses: I administer an oath to you concerning your refusal to testify if you do not come and testify on my behalf that so-and-so said he is going to give me two hundred dinars and he did not give them to me, and they take false oaths that they have no knowledge of the matter, they are exempt from liability to bring an offering for taking a false oath of testimony, as one is liable for taking a false oath of testimony only in a case involving a monetary claim like a deposit in the sense that were the witnesses to testify, the individual would be liable to pay. In the case of a promise to give a gift he could claim that he merely reconsidered.
מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם, אִם לֹא תָבֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי שֶׁאָמַר אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי לִתֶּן לִי מָאתַיִם זוּז וְלֹא נָתַן לִי, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ פְטוּרִים, שֶׁאֵין חַיָּבִין אֶלָּא עַל תְּבִיעַת מָמוֹן כְּפִקָּדוֹן:
Bartenura
שאמר איש פלוני ליתן לי וכו' פטורים – as it is written regarding an oath of testimony (Leviticus 5:1): “[If a person] incurs guilt,” and it is written regarding the oath of a deposit (Leviticus 5:21): “When a person sins [and commits a trespass against the LORD by dealing deceiptfully with his fellow in the matter of a deposit or a pledge],” just as the oath of a deposit is on the claim of money that he has against his neighbor, also the oath of testimony – there must be on the claim of money that he has has of his, and the individual who claims that a certain person said to give me two-hundred zuz is not a monetary claim that he has against his fellow, for even if it is according to his words that his fellow said to him to give him two hundred zuz, his fellow is not liable to him athing on account of this statement.
שאמר איש פלוני ליתן לי וכו׳ פטורים. דכתיב בשבועת העדות תחטא, וכתיב בשבועת הפקדון תחטא, מה שבועת הפקדון על תביעת ממון שיש לו על חבירו, אף שבועת העדות צריך שתהיה על תביעת ממון שיש לו עליו, וזה שטוען שאמר איש פלוני ליתן לי מאתים זוז אינה תביעת ממון שיש לו על חברו, שאפילו הוא כדבריו שאמר לו חברו שיתן לו מאתים זוז אין חברו חייב בו כלום בשביל אמירה זו:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
שאני כהן – they are exempt, for witnesses are not liable other than when they denied in a mater where there is the claim of money.
שאנס איש פלוני או פיתה בתו של פלוני – “and his daughter” is taught, regarding a certain individual who is a Kohen who is referred to above, [that is taught above this in the Mishnah that it refers to that a certain individual is a Kohen or a Levite, or is not the son of a divorced woman], or that he made them take an oath that a certain individual raped his daughter of that that same individual that they were speaking of him until now, they are exempt, for we require that they should hear from the mouth of the one making the claim. And in the Gemara (Tractate Shevuot 33b) it establishes it when he comes before the court with a power of attorney, for if it is the monetary claim of another [person], they would be liable, and I comes to tell us that it is not considered the inheritance of the litigant in this like the rest of money [matters], for since it is a monetary [matter] that he is asking about, it never reached his hand at all, he is not able to write a power of attorney upon it.
ושחבל בי בני – injury/mayhem is wounding, they are exempt, for if they testified against him, he would be liable for death and not monetary [restitution].
ושחבל בי חברי ושהדלק את גדישי בשבת – for both of them are liable for death, and exempt from monetary [restitution].