Today's Mishnah Yomi
Avos 2:2 - 2:3
The Mishnah Yomi for Friday, May 23, 2025 is Avos 2:2 - 2:3
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Avos Perek 2 Mishnah 2
אבות פרק ב׳ משנה ב׳
Rabban Gamaliel the son of Rabbi Judah Hanasi said: excellent is the study of the Torah when combined with a worldly occupation, for toil in them both keeps sin out of one’s mind; But [study of the] Torah which is not combined with a worldly occupation, in the end comes to be neglected and becomes the cause of sin. And all who labor with the community, should labor with them for the sake of Heaven, for the merit of their forefathers sustains them (the community), and their (the forefather’s) righteousness endures for ever; And as for you, [God in such case says] I credit you with a rich reward, as if you [yourselves] had [actually] accomplished [it all].
רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יְהוּדָה הַנָּשִׂיא אוֹמֵר, יָפֶה תַלְמוּד תּוֹרָה עִם דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ, שֶׁיְּגִיעַת שְׁנֵיהֶם מְשַׁכַּחַת עָוֹן. וְכָל תּוֹרָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ מְלָאכָה, סוֹפָהּ בְּטֵלָה וְגוֹרֶרֶת עָוֹן. וְכָל הָעֲמֵלִים עִם הַצִּבּוּר, יִהְיוּ עֲמֵלִים עִמָּהֶם לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם, שֶׁזְּכוּת אֲבוֹתָם מְסַיַּעְתָּן וְצִדְקָתָם עוֹמֶדֶת לָעַד. וְאַתֶּם, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר הַרְבֵּה כְּאִלּוּ עֲשִׂיתֶם:
Bartenura
דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ. מְלָאכָה אוֹ סְחוֹרָה:
שֶׁיְּגִיעַת שְׁנֵיהֶם מְשַׁכַּחַת עָוֹן. שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה מַתֶּשֶׁת כֹּחוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם, וְהַמְּלָאכָה מְפָרֶכֶת וּמְשַׁבֶּרֶת אֶת הַגּוּף, וּמִתּוֹךְ כָּךְ יֵצֶר הָרַע בָּטֵל מִמֶּנּוּ:
וְכָל תּוֹרָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ מְלָאכָה. וְאִם תֹּאמַר יְהֵא עָמֵל בַּתּוֹרָה תָּמִיד וִיגִיעָתָהּ תְּהֵא מְשַׁכַּחַת עָוֹן, וּמַה צֹּרֶךְ לַמְּלָאכָה, לְכָךְ הֻזְקַק לוֹמַר וְכָל תּוֹרָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ מְלָאכָה סוֹפָהּ בְּטֵלָה, לְפִי שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹ בְּלֹא מְזוֹנוֹת, וּמְלַסְטֵם אֶת הַבְּרִיּוֹת וּמְשַׁכֵּחַ תַּלְמוּדוֹ:
יִהְיוּ עוֹסְקִין עִמָּהֶם לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם. וְלֹא כְּדֵי לִטֹּל עֲטָרָה לוֹמַר כָּךְ וְכָךְ עָשִׂיתִי בִּשְׁבִיל הַצִּבּוּר:
שֶׁזְּכוּת אֲבוֹתָם מְסַיַּעְתָּן. שֶׁזְּכוּת אֲבוֹתָן שֶׁל צִבּוּר וְצִדְקָתָן הָעוֹמֶדֶת לָעַד הִיא הַמְסַיַּעַת אֶל הָעוֹסְקִין עִמָּהֶן לְהוֹצִיא לָאוֹר צִדְקָן, וְלֹא מִצַּד טוּב הִשְׁתַּדְּלוּתָן שֶׁל הָעוֹסְקִים:
וְאַתֶּם מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין הַדָּבָר בָּא לִידֵי גְמַר טוֹב מִצַּד מַעֲשֵׂיכֶם אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל זְכוּת אֲבוֹתָם שֶׁל צִבּוּר, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר כְּאִלּוּ אַתֶּם עֲשִׂיתֶם הַיְשׁוּעָה הַזֹּאת בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, הוֹאִיל וְאַתֶּם עוֹסְקִים לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם. פֵּרוּשׁ אַחֵר, כָּל הָעוֹסְקִים עִם הַצִּבּוּר לְהַכְרִיחַ וְלָכוֹף אֶת הַצִּבּוּר לִדְבַר מִצְוָה לִצְדָקָה אוֹ לְפִדְיוֹן שְׁבוּיִים, יִהְיוּ עוֹסְקִים עִמָּהֶם לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם, שֶׁזְּכוּת אָבוֹת שֶׁל צִבּוּר מְסַיַּעְתָּן לָתֵת מַה שֶּׁפָּסְקוּ עֲלֵיהֶם וַאֲפִלּוּ מָמוֹן הַרְבֵּה, וְהַצְּדָקָה שֶׁיַּעֲשׂוּ תַּעֲמֹד לָהֶם לָעַד. וְאַתֶּם הַמִּתְעַסְּקִים לָכוֹף אֶת הַצִּבּוּר לְמִצְוָה זוֹ, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר כְּאִלּוּ עֲשִׂיתֶם זֹאת הַמִּצְוָה מִמָּמוֹנְכֶם מַמָּשׁ. וְרַמְבַּ"ם פֵּרֵשׁ, וְאַתֶּם מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר כְּאִלּוּ עֲשִׂיתֶם, אִם בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאַתֶּם עוֹסְקִים עִם הַצִּבּוּר נִתְבַּטַּלְתֶּם מֵעֲשִׂיַּת אֵיזוֹ מִצְוָה בִּשְׁבִיל עִסְקֵי הַצִּבּוּר, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂכָר כְּאִלּוּ עֲשִׂיתֶם אוֹתָהּ מִצְוָה שֶׁנִּתְבַּטַּלְתֶּם מִמֶּנָּהּ:
Rashi
בנו של רבי יהודה הנשיא. הוא רבינו הקדוש:
שיגיעת שניהם משכחת עון. שמתוך שהוא לומד ועוסק בתורה ובסחורה להתפרנס אינו חומד וגוזל ממון אחרים:
לסוף בטלה לגרור עון. כך כתוב במשנה לפי שא״א לו בלא מזונות והולך וטורח ומלסטם את הבריות ומשכח את תלמודו:
וכל העמלים עם הצבור יהיו עמלים עמהם לשם שמים. שאע״פ שהן עמלין עמהן זכות אבותם מסייעתם:
ואתם מעלה אני עליכם שכר כאלו עשיתם. כאלו נעשה הדבר בשבילכם הואיל ועסקתם לשם שמים:
נ״א והיו עוסקים עמהם לש״ש. כלומר בכל מאמצי כחם ובלבד שיהיה לבם לשמים:
נ״א מעלה אני עליכם כאילו עשיתם אפי' אין אתם גומרין את המעשה מעלה אני עליכם כאילו גמרתם אותו:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Avos Perek 2 Mishnah 3
אבות פרק ב׳ משנה ג׳
Be careful [in your dealings] with the ruling authorities for they do not befriend a person except for their own needs; they seem like friends when it is to their own interest, but they do not stand by a man in the hour of his distress.
הֱווּ זְהִירִין בָּרָשׁוּת, שֶׁאֵין מְקָרְבִין לוֹ לָאָדָם אֶלָּא לְצֹרֶךְ עַצְמָן. נִרְאִין כְּאוֹהֲבִין בִּשְׁעַת הֲנָאָתָן, וְאֵין עוֹמְדִין לוֹ לָאָדָם בִּשְׁעַת דָּחְקוֹ:
Bartenura
"Be careful about the government": You, who are involved with the needs of the community: even though you need to be acquainted with the authorities in order to supervise communal matters, "be careful, etc."
הֱווּ זְהִירִים בָּרָשׁוּת. אַתֶּם הַמִּתְעַסְּקִים בְּצָרְכֵי צִבּוּר, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאַתֶּם צְרִיכִים לְהִתְוַדֵּעַ לָרָשׁוּת כְּדֵי לְפַקֵּחַ עַל עִסְקֵי רַבִּים, הֱווּ זְהִירִים וְכוּ':
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
"Worldly occupation (derekh erets, literally the way of the world)": A craft or business.
"For the exertion [expended] in both of them causes sin to be forgotten": As Torah [study] dulls the strength of a man and work pulls apart and breaks the body, and as a result of this the evil impulse is rendered idle for him.
"And all [study of the] Torah in the absence of a worldly occupation": And if one might ask, let him work in Torah [study] and its exertion will cause sin to be forgotten, therefore it is required to say, "all [study of the] Torah in the absence of a worldly occupation comes to nothing in the end." As it is impossible for him without food, and [so] he will rob the creatures and forget his study.
"let them work for the [sake of the] name of Heaven": and not in order to take a crown [for themselves], to say, "I did such and such for the community."
"for the merit of their ancestors sustains them": For the merit and righteousness (tsidkatan) of the ancestors of the community - which stands forever - sustains those that work with them, to bring their righteousness to the fore. And it is not from the angle of the efforts of those that work [for the community].
"And as for you [who work for the community], [God says:] I credit you with a reward": Even though the thing does not come to a good end from the angle of your deeds but rather because of the merit of the ancestors of the community, "I credit you with a reward" as if you had accomplished this salvation in Israel, as a result of your doing it for the sake of Heaven. A different explanation: All who are involved with the community to force and coerce the community for the matter of a commandment - for charity or the ransom of captives - let them do it for the sake of Heaven. As the merit of the ancestors of the community will sustain them to give that which they have assigned them, and even if it is much money, and [the merit of] the charity (tsedekah) will endure for them forever. And for you that are involved with them to coerce the community to [do] this commandment, I credit you the reward as if you actually done this commandment with your own money. And Rambam explained, "And as for you [who work for the community], [God says:] I credit you with a reward... as if you had done it" - If at the time that they were involved with the community, they were prevented from the fulfillment of a commandment on account of community matters, I credit you reward as if you had done that commandment from which you were prevented.