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Oholos 3:7 - 4:1

The Mishnah Yomi for Tuesday, September 22, 2026 is Oholos 3:7 - 4:1

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Mishnah 1

Mishnayos Oholos Perek 3 Mishnah 7

ืื”ืœื•ืช ืคืจืง ื’ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ื–ืณ

7
[An object] one handbreadth square and one handbreadth high conveys uncleanness and blocks uncleanness. How does it [block uncleanness]? In the case of a covered drain beneath a house, if it has a space a handbreadth wide and its outlet was a handbreadth wide, and there is uncleanness inside it, the house remains clean; And when there is uncleanness in the house, that which is within [the drain] remains clean, for the manner of the uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. If it had a space one handbreadth wide but its outlet was not one handbreadth wide, when there is uncleanness in it, the house becomes unclean; But when there is uncleanness in the house, that which is within it remains clean, for the manner of the uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. If it did not have a space one handbreadth wide and its outlet was not one handbreadth wide, when there is uncleanness within it, the house becomes unclean; And when there is uncleanness in the house, it [also] becomes unclean. It makes no difference if the cavity was carved out by water or by a sheretz or if it had been eaten out by salt. And similarly [if it is in] a row of stones or a pile of beams. Rabbi Judah says: any "tent" not made by a person is not considered a tentโ€™. But he agrees that crevices and crags [can be considered as โ€˜tentsโ€™].
ื˜ึถืคึทื— ืขึทืœ ื˜ึถืคึทื— ืขึทืœ ืจื•ึผื ื˜ึถืคึทื—, ืžึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธืข, ืžึตื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื”, ื•ึฐื—ื•ึนืฆึตืฅ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื”. ื›ึผึตื™ืฆึทื“. ื‘ึผึดื™ื‘ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืงึธืžื•ึผืจ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ื™ึถืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืคื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื— ื•ึฐื™ึตืฉื ื‘ึผึดื™ืฆึดื™ืึธืชื•ึน ืคึผื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื—, ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน, ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ, ืฉืึถื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื” ืœึธืฆึตืืช ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึธื”ึผ ืœึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธื ึตืก. ื™ึถืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืคื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื— ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ืฆึดื™ืึธืชื•ึน ืคื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื—, ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน, ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ, ืฉืึถื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื” ืœึธืฆึตืืช ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึธื”ึผ ืœึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธื ึตืก. ืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืคื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื— ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ืฆึดื™ืึธืชื•ึน ืคื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื—, ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน, ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน ื˜ึธืžึตื. ืึถื—ึธื“ ื—ื•ึนืจ ืฉืึถื—ึฒืจึธืจื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ืžึทื™ึดื ืื•ึน ืฉืึฐืจึธืฆึดื™ื, ืื•ึน ืฉืึถืึฒื›ึธืœึทืชึผื•ึผ ืžึทืœึผึทื—ึทืช, ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืžึดืจึฐื‘ึผึธืšึฐ ืฉืึถืœ ืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืกึฐื•ึธืืจ ืฉืึถืœ ืงื•ึนืจื•ึนืช. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื›ึผึธืœ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึผื™ ื‘ึผึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื, ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืึนื”ึถืœ. ื•ึผืžื•ึนื“ึถื” ื‘ึดืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืคึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึดืกึฐืœึธืขึดื™ื:
ื–ืณ

ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ืจื•ื ื˜ืคื— โ€“ a board/plank which is a handbreadth wide by a handbreadth [long] and above from the ground a handbreadth, and overshadows over an oliveโ€™s bulk of a corpse or on vessels, brings the defilement on to the vessels.

ืžืจื•ื‘ืข โ€“ that if its width was less than that of a handbreadth, even though its length was two handbreadths, we donโ€™t say โ€“ place what remains from its length upon its width and make it quadrilateral. For this, it (i.e., the Mishnah) teaches "ืžืจื•ื‘ืข"/cubic, that there must be in its width a handbreadth and in its length a handbreadth.

ื›ื™ืฆื“ โ€“ meaning to say, how does it interpose before the defilement/uncleanness?

ื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืžื•ืจ (a drain/pipe/gutter which is arched) โ€“ digging in the ground and its foundation, that is arched and there the waste-water (i.e., that which is poured in the gutter) that is in the house descends and from there exits to the public domain.

ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืคื•ื—ืช ื˜ืคื— โ€“ that is a handbreadth by a handbreadth at the depth of a handbreadth in the drain/gutter itself.

ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• โ€“ in the opening of the drain/gutter that from it the waters go out to the public domain.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• โ€“ if there is an oliveโ€™s bulk from the corpse within the drain, for the oliveโ€™s bulk from the corpse its opening is with a handbreadth.

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจ โ€“ that the defilement/uncleanness leaves through the opening of the drain that goes out to the public domain. And this is what is taught [in the Mishnah]: "ื—ื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”"/interposes before the uncleanness.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ โ€“ for there is no path for the uncleanness to bring it in through the opening of the drain, for the path of the uncleanness is to remove it through the opening of the house but not to bring it into the drain.

ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื โ€“ for the uncleanness/defilement goes up from the drain to the house since it lacks a path to leave through the opening of the drain that goes out to the public domain, for all that is less than a handbreadth the defilement/uncleanness does not leave.

ืื™ืŸ ืคื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืคื•ื—ืช ื˜ืคื— โ€“ it is is taken for naught for there isnโ€™t in its outlet an opening of a handbreadth, for since it lacks an opening of a handbreadth, on its outlet we are not concerned,, for it is as if there is like there is no cavity at all and the drain is considered like the ground of the house, and the Sages stated: All that is in the tent will be defiled, including the bottom/ground of the house which is like it until the depth/interior of the earth.

ืื—ื“ ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื—ืจืจื•ื”ื• ืžื™ื โ€“ this that is open a handbreadth that brings the defilement/uncleanness, there is no difference if this hole was made through the water or that reptiles/insect perforated it.

ืื• ืฉืื›ืœืชื• ืžืœื—ืช (or a cave formed through saline corrosion) โ€“ the language of )Jeremiah 17:6): โ€œIn a barren land without inhabitant.โ€ It is like white dust similar to salt and it consumes and falls and makes a hole on its own.

ืžืจื‘ืš ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื (an irregular pile of large stones) โ€“ large stones that are arranged and set up one on the other. But sometimes it is arranged on two [stones] and the lower ones are separated from each other and there is a tent [overshadowing] a handbreadth.

ืกื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื•ืช (a pile/frame of beams) โ€“ beams that are set up on top of the other that stand ready for building, but sometimes there is between them a tent overshadowing a handbreadth.

ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ืœ โ€“ which we derive through an analogy/Gezerah Shavah from [the comparison of the usage of the word] ืื•ื”ืœ (Numbers 19;14: "ื–ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ"/This is the ritual: When a person dies in a tentโ€) and ืื•ื”ืœ (Exodus 40:19; "ื•ื™ืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ืขืœ-ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ"/He spread the tent over the Tabernacleโ€), just as there (in the Tabernacle) it was done at the hands of a person, so also here (regarding the defilement of the corpse) at the hands of man.

ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื™ื (clefts) โ€“ It is the Aramaic translation of (Isaiah 57:5): โ€œAmong/under the clefts of the rocks,โ€ the clefts of the rocks

ื•ื‘ืกืœืขื™ื โ€“ in the clefts of the stones/rocks, and the ืฉืงื™ืคื™ and ื ืงื™ืงื™ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื are one and the same, but one was made through the rain and the other was made on its own. But even though they were not made at the hands of man Rabbi Yehuda agrees/accepts them, for he does not derive the Gezerah Shavah/analogy of โ€œtentโ€/โ€tentโ€ from the Tabernacle (see above) but rather for an opening to be handbreadth alone, but more than a handbreadth, such as a fistful, we stated in [Tractate] Sukkah [at the beginning of] the chapter "ื”ื™ืฉืŸ"/He who sleeps (Chapter 2 โ€“ folio 20b at the bottom and folio 22a at the top). For Rabbi Yehuda agrees that even if it was made of its own, it brings the uncleanness. And similarly with clefts and rocks. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ืจื•ื ื˜ืคื—. ื“ืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื—ื‘ ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ื˜ืคื— ื•ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื˜ืคื—, ื•ืžืื”ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื, ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื:

ืžืจื•ื‘ืข. ืฉืื ื”ื™ื” ืจื—ื‘ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื˜ืคื— ืืขืดืค ืฉื”ื™ื” ืืจื›ื• ืฉื ื™ ื˜ืคื—ื™ื, ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืฉื™ื ืžื” ืฉื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืืจื›ื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื• ื•ืจื‘ืขื”ื•, ืœื”ื›ื™ ืงืชื ื™ ืžืจื•ื‘ืข, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื• ื˜ืคื— ื•ื‘ืืจื›ื• ื˜ืคื—:

ื›ื™ืฆื“. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”:

ื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืžื•ืจ. ื—ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ืงืจืงืข ื•ืžืงื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืงืžื•ืจ, ื•ืฉื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื:

ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ืคื— ืขืœ ื˜ืคื— ื‘ืจื•ื ื˜ืคื— ื‘ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืฆืžื•:

ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื•. ื‘ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืžืžื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•. ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื‘. ื“ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืช ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ื˜ืคื—:

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ืฉื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื™ื•ืฆืื” ื“ืจืš ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืงืชื ื™ ื—ื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ื“ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื“ืจืš ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ื‘, ืฉื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ื“ืจืš ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื‘ื™ื‘:

ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื. ื“ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื“ืจืš ืœืฆืืช ื“ืจืš ืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื, ื“ื›ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื˜ืคื— ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื™ื•ืฆืื”:

ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—. ืœื—ื ื ื ืงื˜ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—, ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—, ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืŸ, ื“ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื—ืœืœ ื›ืœืœ ื“ืžื™ ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื‘ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืงืจืงืข ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ื™ื˜ืžื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืงืจืงืขื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ืขื“ ื”ืชื”ื•ื:

ืื—ื“ ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื—ืจืจื•ื”ื• ืžื™ื. ื”ืื™ ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ืœื ืฉื ื ืื ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ื ืื• ืฉื ืงื‘ื•ื”ื• ืฉืจืฆื™ื:

ืื• ืฉืื›ืœืชื• ืžืœื—ืช. ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ืžืœื—ื”. ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืขืคืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžืœื— ื•ืžืชืื›ืœ ื•ื ื•ืคืœ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื—ื•ืจ ืžืืœื™ื•:

ืžืจื‘ืš ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื. ืื‘ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืขืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื–ื•, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืื—ืช ืกื“ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืชื™ื ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื• ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืื•ื”ืœ ื˜ืคื—:

ืกื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื•ืช. ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื–ื• ื•ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ืŸ, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืื•ื”ืœ ื˜ืคื—:

ื›ืœ ืื”ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ืœ. ื“ื™ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ื”ืœ ืื•ื”ืœ ืžืžืฉื›ืŸ, ืžื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื:

ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื™ื. ืชืจื’ื•ื ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื, ืฉืงื™ืคื™ ื›ืคื™ื™ื:

ื•ื‘ืกืœืขื™ื. ื‘ื ืงื™ืงื™ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื. ื•ืฉืงื™ืคื™ ื•ื ืงื™ืงื™ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืŸ, ืืœื ืฉื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืžืืœื™ื•. ื•ืืขืดื’ ื“ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื“ืœื ื™ืœื™ืฃ ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื” ื“ืื•ื”ืœ ืื•ื”ืœ ืžืžืฉื›ืŸ ืืœื ืœืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื˜ืคื—, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืื’ืจื•ืฃ, ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” [ืจื™ืฉ] ืคืจืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ. ื“ืžื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื ืขืฉื” ืžืืœื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืกืœืขื™ื. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”:

Mishnah 2

Mishnayos Oholos Perek 4 Mishnah 1

ืื”ืœื•ืช ืคืจืง ื“ืณ ืžืฉื ื” ืืณ

1
A cupboard standing in the open air: If there is uncleanness within it, vessels in the [niches in the] thickness [of its walls] remain clean. If there is uncleanness in [the niches in] its thickness, vessels inside [the cupboard] remain clean. Rabbi Yose says: half and half. When it is standing inside a house: If there is uncleanness inside [the cupboard], the house is unclean; If there is uncleanness in the house that which is within [the cupboard] remains clean, for the manner of uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. Vessels which are between [the cupboard] and the ground, or between it and the wall, or between it and the roof-beams: If there is a space of one cubic handbreadth there, they become unclean. If not they remain clean. If there is uncleanness there, the house becomes unclean.
ืžึดื’ึฐื“ึผึธืœ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนืžึตื“ ื‘ึผึธืึฒื•ึดื™ืจ, ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน, ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืขึธื‘ึฐื™ื•ึน ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืขึธื‘ึฐื™ื•ึน, ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืžึถื—ึฑืฆึธื” ืœึฐืžึถื—ึฑืฆึธื”. ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืขื•ึนืžึตื“ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน, ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื˜ึธืžึตื. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ื‘ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ื•ึน ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ, ืฉืึถื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื˜ึผึปืžึฐืึธื” ืœึธืฆึตืืช ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึธื”ึผ ืœึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธื ึตืก. ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึผึตื™ื ื•ึน ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ืฉืึถื‘ึผึตื™ื ื•ึน ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนืชึถืœ, ืฉืึถื‘ึผึตื™ื ื•ึน ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืงึผื•ึนืจื•ึนืช, ืึดื ื™ึถืฉื ืฉืึธื ืคึผื•ึนืชึตื—ึท ื˜ึถืคึทื—, ื˜ึฐืžึตืึดื™ืŸ. ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื•, ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ืŸ. ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ืฉืึธื, ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื˜ึธืžึตื:
ืืณ

ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจ (a tower/cupboard standing isolated) โ€“ a wooden turret that has walls but the walls themselves have a cavity in their thickness, such as perforated holes that are open to the inside and the outside but they lack an opening of a handbreadth, and it is customary to hide there needles and hooks/curved pins and small vessels.

ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจโ€”underneath the airspace of the sky, such as that it stands in the courtyard.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• โ€“ in the cavity of the turret itself.

ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ื• โ€“ in the thickness of the cavity of the walls.

ืžื—ืฆื” ืœืžื—ืฆื” โ€“ from its half of the thickness of the cupboard/turret and towards the inside is like the inside, from its half [of the thickness] towards the outside is like the outside. Whether the defilement is in the turret/cupboard and the vessels are in its thickness, or whether the defilement is in its thickness and the vessels are in the turret/cupboard. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• โ€“ within the turret/cupboard.

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื โ€“ even though that its doors are sealed. As it (i.e., the Mishnah) explains the reason that the manner of the defilement/uncleanness is to depart from there to the house.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ โ€“ this is with its doors sealed. For if they are opened, it is no worse than a window that is between the two houses. For the reason that what is within the turret/cupboard is ritually pure, is that there is no path for the defilement that is in the house to enter into the turret/cupboard.

ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— โ€“ between the rims of the turret/cupboard and the ground or between the wall of the turret/cupboard to the wall or between the roof the turret to the ceiling of the house.

ื˜ืžืื™ื โ€“ on account of the defilement that is in the house. But if there isnโ€™t there [an opening] of a handbreadth, the turret/cupboard is like a ืœื‘ื•ื“/joined (i.e., that two solid surfaces are considered to be joined if there is a gap less than three handbreadths between them). And the defilement of the house does not enter there.

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื โ€“ if there was defilement between the rims of the turret/cupboard to the ground of the house. Or [there was defilement] between the roof of the turret to the roof of the house or between the walls of the turret to the walls of the house, even though there isnโ€™t between them an opening of a handbreadth. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื โ€“ for the turret/cupboard does not protect regarding the defilement that is below it within the house so that it doesnโ€™t defile all that is in the house.

ืžื’ื“ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจ. ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื“ืคื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืคื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ื—ืœืœ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืœืฉื™ืŸ ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—, ื•ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื ื™ืข ืฉื ืžื—ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืฆื ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื:

ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจ. ืชื—ืช ืื•ื™ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ืงืื™ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•. ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขืฆืžื•:

ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ื•. ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืœ ื”ื“ืคื ื•ืช:

ืžื—ืฆื” ืœืžื—ืฆื”. ืžื—ืฆื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื™ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื•ืœืคื ื™ื ื›ืœืคื ื™ื, ืžื—ืฆื™ื• ื•ืœื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืœื—ื•ืฅ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื™ื• ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจืณ ื™ื•ืกื™:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ:

ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื. ืืขืดืค ืฉื“ืœืชื•ืชื™ื• ืžื’ื•ืคื•ืช. ื›ื“ืžืคืจืฉ ื˜ืขืžื ืฉื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœืฆืืช ืžืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื“ืœืชื•ืชื™ื• ืžื’ื•ืคื•ืช. ื“ืื™ ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช, ืœื ื’ืจืข ืžื—ืœื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ื. ื•ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืžื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืœื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ:

ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื—. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœื›ื•ืชืœ ืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื’ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœืชืงืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช:

ื˜ืžืื™ื. ืžื—ืžืช ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื˜ืคื— ื”ื•ื™ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื›ืœื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื:

ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื. ืื ื”ื™ืชื” ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœืงืจืงืข ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื’ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœื’ื’ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืคื ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœื›ื•ืชืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืชื— ื˜ืคื— ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืžื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืžืฆื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืชื—ืชื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ืชื˜ืžื ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช:

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