Today's Mishnah Yomi
Eduyos 2:10 - 3:1
The Mishnah Yomi for Monday, March 24, 2025 is Eduyos 2:10 - 3:1
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Eduyos Perek 2 Mishnah 10
עדיות פרק ב׳ משנה י׳
Also he used to say that there are five things that last twelve months:The judgment of the generation of the flood [continued] twelve months; The judgment of Job [continued] twelve months; The judgment of the Egyptians [continued] twelve months; The judgment of Gog and Magog in the time to come [will continue] twelve months; The judgment of the wicked in gehinom [continues] twelve months, for it is said, and “It will be from one month until its [same] month” (Isaiah 66:23). Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri says: “[As long as] from Passover to Shavuoth, for it is said, “And from one Sabbath until its [next] Sabbath” (ibid.).
אַף הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, חֲמִשָּׁה דְבָרִים שֶׁל שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. מִשְׁפַּט דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. מִשְׁפַּט אִיּוֹב, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. מִשְׁפַּט הַמִּצְרִיִּים, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. מִשְׁפַּט גּוֹג וּמָגוֹג לֶעָתִיד לָבֹא, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. מִשְׁפַּט רְשָׁעִים בְּגֵיהִנֹּם, שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה סו), וְהָיָה מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי אוֹמֵר, מִן הַפֶּסַח וְעַד הָעֲצֶרֶת, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וּמִדֵּי שַׁבָּת בְּשַׁבַּתּוֹ:
Bartenura
שנאמר והיה מדי חודש בחדשו. כשיבא חודש באותו החודש שמת בו, יצא מגיהנם ויבוא להשתחוות לפני ה׳:
שנאמר ומדי שבת בשבתו. כלומר לאחר שיהיה בגיהנם כל כך ימים כמו שיש מיום ראשון של פסח דאיקרי שבת דכתיב (ויקרא כ״ג:ט״ו) וספרתם לכם ממחרת השבת וגו׳ עד עצרת שהוא ממחרת השבת השביעית, יצא מגיהנם ויבא להשתחוות:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Eduyos Perek 3 Mishnah 1
עדיות פרק ג׳ משנה א׳
[In the case of] all things which cause defilement in a “tent”, if they [the pieces of the corpse] were divided and brought into the house, Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas pronounces [everything under the same roof-space] clean, but the Sages pronounce it unclean. How so? He who touches as much as two halves of an olive [in quantity] of an animal’s carcass or carries them; or in the case of a [human] corpse, he who touches as much as half an olive and stands over as much as half an olive; or touches as much as half an olive and as much as half an olive is above him; or if he stands over as much as two halves of an olive; or if he stands over as much as half an olive and as much as half an olive is above him Rabbi Dosa b. Harkinas pronounces him clean, and the Sages pronounce him unclean. But if he touches as much as half an olive [in quantity] and another thing was over him and over as much as half an olive; or if he stood over as much as half an olive and another thing was over him and over as much as half an olive, he is clean. Rabbi Meir said: “Also in this case Rabbi Dosa pronounces him clean and the sages pronounce him unclean. In all such cases a man is unclean unless there is an act of touching and also an act of carrying, or an act of carrying and also [the fact of] being under the same roof-space.” This is the general rule: in whatever case the means of causing defilement are of one category, he is unclean; if they are of two categories, he is clean.”
כָּל הַמְטַמְּאִין בְּאֹהֶל שֶׁנֶּחְלְקוּ, וְהִכְנִיסָן לְתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת, רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינַס מְטַהֵר, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. כֵּיצַד. הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכִשְׁנֵי חֲצָאֵי זֵיתִים מִן הַנְּבֵלָה אוֹ נוֹשְׂאָן, וּבַמֵּת, הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וּמַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת אוֹ נוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וְכַחֲצִי זַיִת מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו, וּמַאֲהִיל עַל כִּשְׁנֵי חֲצָאֵי זֵיתִים, מַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת וְכַחֲצִי זַיִת מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו, רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינַס מְטַהֵר וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. אֲבָל הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וְדָבָר אַחֵר מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו וְעַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת, אוֹ מַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת וְדָבָר אַחֵר מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו וְעַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת, טָהוֹר. אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, אַף בָּזֶה רַבִּי דוֹסָא מְטַהֵר וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. הַכֹּל טָמֵא, חוּץ מִן הַמַּגָּע עִם הַמַּשָּׂא, וְהַמַּשָּׂא עִם הָאֹהֶל. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כֹּל שֶׁהוּא מִשֵּׁם אֶחָד, טָמֵא. מִשְּׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת, טָהוֹר:
Bartenura
כל המטמאין באוהל – such as the dead, and the decayed matter (i..e., liquid and coagulated portions of a corpse – see Tractate Ohalot, Chapter 2, Mishnah 1) and a spoonful of dust [of earth from a grave of decaying human body], and all those that are taught at the beginning of the second chapter of Tractate Ohalot.
שנחלקו – their measures in halves.
שהכניסן – when they are divided.
לתוך הבית – that is inside one tent.
רבי דוסא בן הרכינס מטהר – that he holds that they do not combine to the appropriate measurement.
הנוגע בכשני חצאי זיתים מן הנבילה – he started about tent impurity and continued with impurity of a carrion, to tell you that just as Rabbi Dosa holds that they do not combine for the defilement of a tent, so too, he holds that they defilement of contact and carrying do not combine, whether with the dead person or a carrion.
הנוגע בחצי זית ומאהיל על חצי זית – When one overshadows on a dead person, he is impure as if he had been with the dead person in the tent. And all of these where he is overshadowing in the first part of the Mishnah, we are speaking of squeezed defilement, for there is no difference between the defilement and the tent that is open a hand-breadth, and because of this, the Sages defile, for a tent like this, it is contact, and at the end of the Mishnah it is taught that if one is in contact with half-olive’s bulk and another thing, it overshadows upon him, etc., and the Rabbis admit that he is pure, when speaking where there is a hand-breadth’s opening whether between the defilement and the tent. And in this, the Rabbis admit that they don’t combine, for contact and tent are two different modes of contamination and whatever is from two different modes does not combine. But Rabbi Dosa holds that even with pressed defilement, they don’t combine.
רבי מאיר וכו' – Rabbi Meir disputes the first Tanna who said that when there is a hand-breadth’s opening between the defilement and the tent, the Rabbis admit that he is pure, and it doesn’t combine. And he said that even in this, the Rabbis dispute on Rabbi Dosa and hold that contact and the tent category. Therefore, they combine regarding the measurement and defile, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.
חוץ מן המגע עם המשא – such as the case where he came in contact with one-half an olive’s bulk and shook one-half an olive’s bulk.
והמשא עם האוהל – that he shook one-half an olive’s bulk and overshadowed on the other one-half.
משם אחד – such one type of contact and another kind, one kind of carrying and another, one tent and another tent.
כל המטמאין באוהל. כגון המת והנצל ומלוא תרוד רקב, וכל אותן השנויין ריש פרק ב׳ דאהלות:
שנחלקו. שיעוריהן לחצאים:
והכניסן. כשהן מחולקין:
לתוך הבית. דהיינו לתוך אוהל אחד:
רבי דוסא בן הרכינס מטהר. דסבר לא מצטרפי לכשיעור:
הנוגע בכשני חצאי זיתים מן הנבילה. פתח באהל ומפרש נבילה, לומר לך דכי היכי דסבירא ליה לר׳ דוסא שאין מצטרפין לטומאת אוהל. הכי נמי סבירא ליה שאין מצטרפין טומאת מגע ומשא, בין במת בין בנבילה:
הנוגע בחצי זית ומאהיל על חצי זית. שהמאהיל על המת טמא כאילו היה עם המת באוהל. וכל הנך מאהיל דרישא, בטומאה רצוצה איירי, שאין בין הטומאה ובין האוהל פותח טפח, ומשום הכי חכמים מטמאים, דאוהל כי האי, נגיעה היא. וסיפא דתנן אבל הנוגע בכחצי זית ודבר אחר מאהיל עליו וכו׳ דמודו רבנן דטהור, מיירי כשיש פותח טפח בין הטומאה ובין האוהל, דבהא מודו רבנן דאין מצטרפין, דנגיעה ואוהל שני שמות הן, וכל שהן משני שמות אין מצטרפין. ור׳ דוסא סבר דאפילו בטומאה רצוצה אין מצטרפין:
אמר רבי מאיר וכו׳ ר׳ מאיר פליג אתנא קמא דאמר דכשיש פותח טפח בין הטומאה והאוהל מודו רבנן דטהור ואין מצטרפין, ואמר איהו דאף בזו פליגי רבנן על ר׳ דוסא ואמרי דנגיעה ואוהל חד שמא הוא, הלכך מצטרפין לכשיעור ומטמאין. ואין הלכה כר׳ מאיר:
חוץ מן המגע עם המשא. כגון שנגע בחצי זית והסיט חצי זית:
והמשא עם האוהל. שהסיט חצי זית והאהיל על חצי זית:
משם אחד. כגון מגע ומגע, משא ומשא, אוהל ואוהל:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
שנאמר והיה מדי חודש בחדשו – when the month comes in the same month that he died in it, he would leave from Gehinnom and come to worship before God.
שנאמר ומדי שבת בשבתו – that is to say, after he would be in Gehinnom so many days like there are from the first day of Passover, which is called “Shabbat,” as it is written (Leviticus 23:15): “[And from the day on which you bring the sheaf of elevation offering]– the day after the Sabbath – you shall count off seven weeks. [They must be complete],” until Atzeret/Shavuot which is the from the morrow of the seventh Sabbath, he left from Gehinnom and comes to worship.