Today's Mishnah Yomi
Horayos 2:7 - 3:1
The Mishnah Yomi for Saturday, July 12, 2025 is Horayos 2:7 - 3:1
Mishnah 1
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Mishnayos Horayos Perek 2 Mishnah 7
הוריות פרק ב׳ משנה ז׳
Bartenura
אשם תלוי. עבירות שחייבין על זדונן כרת ועל שגגתן חטאת קבועה, חייבין על לא הודע שלהן אשם תלוי, כגון כשני זיתים אחד של חלב ואחד של שומן ואכל אחד מהן ואינו יודע איזה מהן אכל:
והמשיח ובית דין פטורין. דכתיב בקרבן צבור (ויקרא ד׳) ונודעה החטאת והקריבו, אין חייבין קרבן אלא על הודע. ומשיח כבית דין:
אשם ודאי. חמשה אשמות הן שבאין על הודאי, אשם מעילות, אשם גזילות, אשם נזיר, אשם מצורע, אשם שפחה חרופה:
היחיד והנשיא והמשיח חייבין. שכל אלו מעשה יחיד הם, לא שנא הדיוט ולא שנא משיח ונשיא:
ובית דין פטורים. שאין להוראת בית דין עסק בהם. ואין אשם בא על הוראת בית דין:
אלא שאין כהן גדול חייב על טומאת מקדש וקדשיו דברי רבי שמעון. טעמא דרבי שמעון, דכתיב בטומאת מקדש (במדבר י״ט:כ׳) ואיש אשר יטמא ולא יתחטא ונכרתה הנפש ההיא מתוך הקהל, מי שחטאו שוה לקהל, יצא כהן גדול שאין חטאו שוה לקהל. שהקהל כל מי שנכנס מהן למקדש שוגג, או עבר עבירה בשוגג, חייב על שגגת מעשה בלבד, וכהן משיח אינו חייב אלא על העלם דבר עם שגגת מעשה, כדמוכח לעיל בפרקין. ואין הלכה כרבי שמעון, אלא כהן גדול מביא קרבן עולה ויורד אף על טומאת מקדש וקדשיו:
רבי אליעזר אומר הנשיא מביא שעיר. על טומאת מקדש וקדשיו. לפי שחייבין על זדונו כרת. כדרך שהוא מביא שעיר על שאר מצות שחייבין על זדונן כרת. ואין הלכה כרבי אליעזר, דכיון דאין חייבין על שגגת מקדש וקדשיו חטאת קבועה, אין הנשיא מביא אלא כדרך שהיחיד מביא:
Mishnah 2
Mishnayos Horayos Perek 3 Mishnah 1
הוריות פרק ג׳ משנה א׳
Bartenura
If an anointed priest transgressed and afterwards relinquished his priesthood - And he was unable to bring his offering until after he had already relinquished his priesthood.
The anointed priest brings a bull offering - And even if he transgressed after he relinquished his priesthood, we say later on in our Mishna that he brings a bull offering. We only mention [the offering of an anointed priest] because we needed to teach that a ruler brings a he-goat when he transgresses before he relinquishes [his rulership], therefore we also teach [/mention] that an anointed priest brings a bull offering.
And the ruler brings a he-goat. As it says (Leviticus 4:3) "for the sin that he transgressed," which teaches us that he brings a sin offering in accordance with his obligation at the time of his sin.
כהן משיח שחטא ואח״כ עבר ממשיחותו. ולא הספיק להביא קרבנו עד שעבר מכהונתו:
כהן משיח מביא פר. ואפילו עבר לאחר שהעבירוהו ממשיחותו, אמרינן לקמן במתניתין דמביא פר. ולא נקט ליה אלא משום דאיצטריך למתני דנשיא מביא שעיר כשחטא קודם שהעבירוהו, תני נמי בכהן משיח מביא פר:
ונשיא מביא שעיר. דכתיב (ויקרא ד׳:ג׳) על חטאתו אשר חטא, מלמד שמביא חטאת כמו שהיה חייב בשעה שחטא:
Mishnah Yomi FAQ
What is Mishnah Yomi?
Mishnah Yomi is a daily study program where participants study two mishnayot (individual teachings from the Mishnah) every day. By following this program, one can complete the entire Mishnah in about six years.
What is the Mishnah?
The Mishnah is the first major written collection of Jewish oral traditions, forming the basis of the Talmud. It dates back to around 200 CE and consists of teachings and discussions of Jewish law by various rabbis.
Who started the Mishnah Yomi program?
In 1934, the Kozoglover Gaon, Rav Aryeh Tzvi Frommer, who took over from Rav Meir Shapiro (the founder of Daf Yomi) as the head of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, initiated the Mishnah Yomi cycle, focusing on Seder Zeraim and Seder Taharos. After World War II, in 1947, Rav Yonah Sztencl, a disciple of Rav Frommer, expanded the program, advocating for a comprehensive study of Shishah Sidrei Mishnah. The idea of studying two Mishnayos daily gained the support of figures like Rav Isser Zalman Meltzer, the Tchebiner Rov, and the Gerer Rebbe, marking the formal inception of Mishnah Yomi.
How long does it take to complete the Mishnah with Mishnah Yomi?
Following the Mishnah Yomi program, one can complete the Mishnah in approximately six years.
Can anyone join Mishnah Yomi?
Yes, anyone interested in studying the Mishnah can start the Mishnah Yomi cycle. There’s no need for prior knowledge; beginners are welcome.
Do I need to know Hebrew to study Mishnah Yomi?
While the Mishnah is originally in Hebrew, there are numerous translations and commentaries available in various languages, making it accessible to anyone interested in studying.
Is there a specific time of day to study Mishnah Yomi?
There’s no designated time. Participants can choose a time that best fits their schedule.
Can I study Mishnah Yomi with a group?
Yes, many communities and synagogues organize group study sessions for Mishnah Yomi. Studying in a group can enhance understanding and foster camaraderie.
What if I miss a day?
If you miss a day, you can catch up by studying the missed mishnayot alongside the current day’s study or by dedicating some extra time until you’re back on track.
Asham talui – Commandments for which wilful transgressions receive the punishment of “karet” and accidental transgressions must bring a sin-offering, when there is doubt whether or not there was a transgression an asham talui must be brought, i.e. two amounts, one of forbidden fat and one of permissible fat and he does not know which one he ate.
But the anointed priest and the court are exempt – As it is written about a communal sacrifice (Leviticus 4), “when the sin wherein they have sinned is known, then the assembly shall offer.” There is no obligation to bring a sacrifice unless the sin is clearly known. And the law for the high priest is like that for the beit din.
Asham vadai – An asham vadai offering is required for five matters: for robbery (Leviticus 5:21-25); 2) for illegal use of sacred property (Leviticus 5:14-16); 3) for relations with a betrothed slave woman (Leviticus 19:20-22); 4) a nazir (Numbers 6:9-12); 5) a person who had tzara’at (Leviticus 14:10-12).
The individual and the ruler and the anointed priest are obligated – Because each of these is the act of an individual. There is no difference between a layman, a high priest and a ruler.
But the court is exempt – Because a beit din ruling has no bearing on these acts. And the beit din does not bring an asham offering.
Except that the anointed priest is not liable for impurity relating to the Temple and its holy things; these are the words of Rabbi Shimon – Rabbi Shimon’s meaning is that it is written “impurity relating to the Temple” (Numbers 19) and a person who is impure and transgresses, his soul will be cut off from the congregation. One who sins is equal to the congregation, but the high priest’s sin is not equal to the congregation. If any of the congregation accidentally transgresses by entering the Temple or transgressed accidentally, he is obligated only for the accidental transgression. The high priest is obligated only to bring a bull for an error-in-judgment (para ha’elem davar) sacrifice when he accidentally transgresses, as proven above. The law does not follow Rabbi Shimon’s opinion; rather, the high priest brings a sliding scale sacrifice even for impurity in the Temple and of its contents.
Rabbi Eliezer says: the ruler brings a goat – For impurity in the Temple and of its contents, because wilful transgression of these is liable for “karet.” Just as the ruler brings a goat for transgression of other commandments for which the punishment is “karet.” The law does not follow Rabbi Eliezer’s opinion because there is no obligation to bring a sin-offering for accidental transgression of impurity in the Temple and the ruler brings a sacrifice in the same way as an individual.