Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 6 Mishnah 3
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יבמות פרק ו׳ משנה ג׳
A widow to a High Priest, a divorcée, or a ḥalutza to a common priest, even if they had only engaged in betrothal and had not yet had intercourse, may not partake of teruma. Since they are forbidden to the men who betrothed them, the betrothal itself disqualifies them from the privileges of priesthood even if they are the daughters of priests. Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi Shimon declare them fit to partake of teruma. Since the prohibition is violated through the act of intercourse and not betrothal, the women are disqualified only once they have intercourse. In a case where these women were widowed or divorced, if it was from marriage, they are disqualified from the priesthood and may not partake of teruma. This is because a woman prohibited from marrying a priest who has intercourse with a priest becomes a ḥalala, and is thereby disqualified from partaking of teruma. However, if they were widowed or divorced from their state of betrothal, they are once again fit to partake of teruma according to all opinions.
אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מִן הָאֵרוּסִין לֹא יֹאכְלוּ בַתְּרוּמָה. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מַכְשִׁירִין. נִתְאַרְמְלוּ אוֹ נִתְגָּרְשׁוּ, מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין פְּסוּלוֹת, מִן הָאֵרוּסִין כְּשֵׁרוֹת:
Bartenura
מן האירוסין לא יאכלו בתרומה. מפני שנתקדשה קידושי עבירה נפסלה מתרומה דבית אביה אם בת כהן היא:
רבי אליעזר ור״ש מכשירין. עד שתבעל ותיעשה חללה, שנאמר (ויקרא כ״א) ולא יחלל, שני חלולין אחד לה ואחד לזרעה. ולית הלכתא כוותייהו, אלא אף מן הארוסין לא יאכלו בתרומה:
נתארמלו או נתגרשו. מן הכהנים הללו:
מן הנישואין פסולות. דשויוה חללה בביאתן:
מן האירוסין כשרות. דאפילו תנא קמא לא פסל מן האירוסין אלא בחייהן, שהיא משתמרת לביאה פסולה, אבל מתו לא:
מן האירוסין לא יאכלו בתרומה – because she was betrothed in a sinful betrothal, she is disqualified from the Terumah/priest’s due of her father’s house if she is the daughter of a Kohen.
רבי אליעזר ור"ש מכשירין – until she has sexual intercourse and becomes the female issue of a priest’s illegitimate connection (or a priest’s wife illegitimately married to him), as it states (Leviticus 21:15): “that he may not profane [his offspring among his kin, for I the LORD have sanctified him],” two profanations: one- hers, and the other to her seed. But the Halakha is not according to him, but rather, even from betrothal, they should not consume Terumah.
נתארמלו או נתגרשו – [became widowed or divorced] from these Kohanim from the marital state, they are disqualified, for they are considered an illegitimate connection to a Kohen with their sexual actions.
מן הארוסין כשרות – and even the first Tanna/teacher [of our Mishnah] did not invalidate from the betrothal, other than while they are alive for she has to be on her guard to an invalid coition, but not if they (i.e., the men) died.