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Perek 11

Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 11 Mishnah 7

יבמות פרק י"א משנה ז׳

7
If one of his two uncertain fathers was an Israelite and one was a priest, he may marry only a woman fit to marry a priest, due to the possibility that he is a priest. And he may not become ritually impure with impurity imparted by a corpse because he might be a priest. But if he became impure, he does not receive the forty lashes, as he might be a non-priest. Likewise, he does not partake of teruma, in case he is a non-priest. However, if he ate teruma he does not pay the principal and the additional fifth, as he might be a priest. And he does not receive teruma at the granary. However, he may sell the teruma of his own produce and the money is his. It cannot be taken away from him due to the uncertainty with regard to his status. And he does not receive a share of the sacred of the consecrated offerings, and one may not give him the consecrated offerings to sacrifice. However, the hides of his own offerings may not be appropriated from his possession. And he is exempt from giving a priest the foreleg, and the jaw, and the maw of his non-consecrated animals. And the firstling of his animal should graze until it becomes unfit to be sacrificed because it gets a blemish. And in general, we place upon him the stringencies of priests and the stringencies of Israelites. If both uncertain fathers were priests, then if they die he is in a state of acute mourning over each of them, in case the deceased is his father. And if he dies, they are both in a state of acute mourning over him, as one of them is his father. He may not become ritually impure to bury them, as each one may not be his relative, and they may not become ritually impure to bury him for the same reason. He does not inherit from them, as the heirs of both husbands can reject his claims. However, they inherit from him if he has no sons and split his inheritance equally. And he is exempt from capital punishment for striking and for cursing both this father and that one. Although one who strikes or curses his father or mother is liable to receive the death penalty, he cannot be held liable, as it is unknown which of the men is his father. He must ascend to the Temple service with the priestly watch of this father and of that one, as he belongs to one of these watches and is obligated to serve with them. However, he does not receive a share of the portion of the offerings that gets eaten, as the members of each watch can claim that he is a member of the other watch. If both uncertain fathers were in one priestly watch, he receives one share, as he certainly belongs to that watch.

הָיָה אֶחָד יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֶחָד כֹּהֵן, נוֹשֵׂא אִשָּׁה רְאוּיָה לְכֹהֵן, וְאֵינוֹ מִטַּמֵּא לְמֵתִים, וְאִם נִטְמָא, אֵינוֹ סוֹפֵג אֶת הָאַרְבָּעִים. וְאֵינוֹ אוֹכֵל בַּתְּרוּמָה, וְאִם אָכַל, אֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּם קֶרֶן וָחֹמֶשׁ. וְאֵינוֹ חוֹלֵק עַל הַגֹּרֶן. וּמוֹכֵר הַתְּרוּמָה, וְהַדָּמִים שֶׁלּוֹ. וְאֵינוֹ חוֹלֵק בְּקָדְשֵׁי הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, וְאֵין נוֹתְנִים לוֹ אֶת הַקָּדָשִׁים, וְאֵין מוֹצִיאִין אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ מִיָּדוֹ. וּפָטוּר מִן הַזְּרֹעַ וְהַלְּחָיַיִם וְהַקֵּבָה. וּבְכוֹרוֹ יְהֵא רוֹעֶה עַד שֶׁיִּסְתָּאֵב. וְנוֹתְנִין עָלָיו חֻמְרֵי כֹהֲנִים וְחֻמְרֵי יִשְׂרְאֵלִים. הָיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם כֹּהֲנִים, הוּא אוֹנֵן עֲלֵיהֶם, וְהֵם אוֹנְנִים עָלָיו. הוּא אֵינוֹ מִטַּמֵּא לָהֶם, וְהֵם אֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין לוֹ. הוּא אֵינוֹ יוֹרֵשׁ אוֹתָן, אֲבָל הֵם יוֹרְשִׁין אוֹתוֹ. וּפָטוּר עַל מַכָּתוֹ וְעַל קִלְלָתוֹ שֶׁל זֶה וְשֶׁל זֶה, וְעוֹלֶה בְמִשְׁמָרוֹ שֶׁל זֶה וְשֶׁל זֶה, וְאֵינוֹ חוֹלֵק. אִם הָיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם בְּמִשְׁמָר אֶחָד, נוֹטֵל חֵלֶק אֶחָד:

ז׳

היה אחד ישראל – one of the husbands was an Israelite and one of them was a Kohen.

הוא אונן עליהם – perhaps this was on his father, and on the day of his death, he is forbidden to eat Holy Things.

והם אוננים עליו – and on the day of his death, they both are forbidden [to partake of] Holy Things. And a case can be found that he sees the death of both of them that he was a valid Kohen, for he does not defile himself for them, as for example, that they were betrothed in a mistaken Kiddushin on condition, and it was not fulfilled, and left him without a Jewish bill of divorce and she got married within three [months] and in such a manner, a case can be found that he sees the death of both of them, and he is a valid Kohen, therefore, he does not defile himself to them.

הוא לא יורש אותן – for the heirs supersede him these with those.

והן יורשין אותו – for who prevents them and they divide the money between the two of them.

ועולה במשמרו – to serve and the members of his priestly watch do not prevent him, but he does not take [a share] for all the members of the priestly watch supersede him concerning his colleagues.

היה אחד ישראל. אחד מן הבעלים ישראל ואחד כהן:

הוא אונן עליהן. שמא זה אביו וביום מיתתו אסור לאכול בקדשים:

והם אוננים עליו. וביום מותו אסורים שניהם בקדשים. ומשכחת לה דרואה במיתת שניהן וכהן כשר הוא דהא אינו מיטמא להן, כגון שנתקדשה קדושי טעות על תנאי ולא נתקיים דנפקא מיניה בלא גיטא ונישאת תוך שלשה ובכהאי גוונא משכחת לה דרואה במיתת שניהם וכהן כשר, הוא לפיכך אינו מיטמא להן:

הוא לא יורש אותן. דיורשין מדחין אותו אלו אצל אלו:

והן יורשין אותו. דמי מעכב על ידן, וחולקים הממון בין שניהן:

ועולה במשמרו. לעבוד, ואין בני משמר מעכבין עליו. אבל אינו חולק, דכל בני משמר דחו ליה גבי חבריה: