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Mishnayos Negaim Perek 8 Mishnah 1

נגעים פרק ח׳ משנה א׳

1

If a nega broke out completely upon one who was unclean, he becomes clean; If the ends of his limbs reappeared, he becomes unclean until the bright spot is reduced to less than the size of a split bean. [If it broke out completely upon him] when he was clean, he becomes unclean; If the ends of his limbs reappeared, he remains unclean until his bright spot resumes its former size.

הַפּוֹרֵחַ מִן הַטָּמֵא, טָהוֹר. חָזְרוּ בוֹ רָאשֵׁי אֵבָרִים, טָמֵא, עַד שֶׁתִּתְמַעֵט בַּהַרְתּוֹ מִכַּגְּרִיס. מִן הַטָּהוֹר, טָמֵא. חָזְרוּ בוֹ רָאשֵׁי אֵבָרִים, טָמֵא, עַד שֶׁתַּחֲזֹר בַּהַרְתּוֹ לִכְמוֹת שֶׁהָיְתָה:

א׳
Bartenura

הפורח מן הטמא טהור (a leprosy that blossoms after a person has been declared unclean, is clean) -an unclean person that was declared a certified leper with one of the plagues, and afterwards it blossomed throughout his body (i.e., that it all turned white), is pure.

חזרו בו ראשי אברים (the tips of the limbs reappeared with it) – if after the “blossoming”/eruption (i.e., the white eruption which causes the leper to be declared clean) even the tips of the limbs reappeared alone.

טמא – as it is written (Leviticus 13:14): “But as soon as un-discolored flesh appears in it, he shall be impure.”/"וביום הראות בו בשר חי יטמא" , and it should appear like a lentil.

עד שתתמעט בהרתו מכגריס – that he gave rise/brought forth the entire plague and nothing remains of it like the size of a split bean.

מטהור טמא – something pure that the leprosy blossomed throughout his body. As for example that he had declared him to be a certified leper with white hair or quick flesh and the white hair fell out or the quick flesh was covered, and he was released; alternatively, he (i.e., the Kohen) locked him up/isolated him with a bright white spot on the skin the size of a split [Cilician] bean but it remained unchanged for two weeks and he was released, in all of these, if after his release it blossomed throughout his body, he is impure.

עד שתחזור לכמות שהיתה – that if there remained from the blossoming whatever the amount near/adjacent to the starting point of leprosy, he is unclean because of spreading, for as it is taught in the Mishnah adjacent (see Mishnah 2 of this eighth chapter of Tractate Negaim) that if the quick flesh went away and afterwards it (i.e., the bright white spot) blossomed over all of his body, he is pure, and it is also taught in the Mishnah (i.e., see Mishnah 3 of this eighth chapter of Tractate Negaim) concerning the bright white spot on the skin/בהרת and in it is white hair which blossomed throughout his body, even though the white hair is in its place, he is pure, and it implies, that all the more so, if it (i.e., the white hair) is not in its place, he is pure, for there (i.e., Mishnah 3 of this chapter) we are speaking that the Kohen did not yet release him when it blossomed throughout his body, but here (in our Mishnah) we are speaking when he (i.e., the Kohen) released him and afterwards it blossomed throughout his body.

הפורח מן הטמא טהור. טמא שנחלט באחד מן הנגעים, ואחר כך פרחה בכולו, טהור:

חזרו בו ראשי אברים. אם לאחר הפריחה חזרו ונתגלו אפילו ראשי אברים בלבד:

טמא. דכתיב (ויקרא י״ג:י״ד) וביום הראות בו בשר חי יטמא. והוא שייראו כעדשה:

עד שתתמעט בהרתו מכגריס. שילך כל הנגע ולא ישתייר בו כגריס:

מטהור טמא. טהור שפרחה צרעת בכולו. כגון שהחליטו בשער לבן או במחיה ונשר שער לבן או נתכסית המחיה ופטרו, אי נמי הסגירו בבהרת כגריס ועמד בעיניו שני שבועות ופטרו, בכל הני אם אחר פטורו פרחה בכולו, טמא:

עד שתחזור לכמות שהיתה. דאם נשתייר מן הפריחה כל שהוא סמוך לאום, טמא משום פשיון. והא דתנן בסמוך שאם הלכה מחיה ואח״כ פרחה ככולו, טהור, ותנן נמי בהרת ובה שער לבן פרחה בכולו אע״פ שהשער לבן במקומו, טהור, ומשמע וכל שכן אם אינו במקומו שהוא טהור, התם מיירי שלא פטרו הכהן עדיין כשפרחה בכולו, והכא מיירי כשפטרו ואחר כך פרחה בכולו: