Mishnayos Nazir Perek 6 Mishnah 10
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נזיר פרק ו׳ משנה י׳
As taught earlier (45a) the nazirite shaves after having brought one, or all, of his offerings. This mishna discusses what the halakha is if the offering was found to be invalid after the nazirite had shaved. If a nazirite shaved based upon the requisite offering, and afterward the offering was found to be invalid for any reason, his shaving is invalid and his offerings do not count toward the fulfillment of his obligation. If he shaved based upon the sin-offering, that was found to have been sacrificed not for its own sake, which invalidates the offering, and afterward he brought his other offerings for their own sake, his shaving is invalid and his other offerings do not count toward the fulfillment of his obligation. If he shaved based upon the requisite burnt-offering or having brought the requisite peace-offering, and these were offered not for their own sake, and afterward he brought his remaining offerings for their own sake, his shaving is invalid and his offerings do not count toward the fulfillment of his obligation. Rabbi Shimon says: In the case of one who shaved based upon a burnt-offering or a peace-offering that was sacrificed not for its own sake, that offering, which was performed incorrectly, does not count toward the fulfillment of his obligation; however, his other offerings do count. And everyone agrees that if he shaved based upon all three of them, i.e., he brought all three offerings, without specifying which offering he is basing his shaving upon, and even one of them was found valid, his shaving is valid, but he must bring the other offerings in order to fulfill his obligation.
גִּלַּח עַל הַזֶּבַח וְנִמְצָא פָסוּל, תִּגְלַחְתּוֹ פְסוּלָה, וּזְבָחָיו לֹא עָלוּ לוֹ. גִּלַּח עַל הַחַטָּאת שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָהּ וְאַחַר כָּךְ הֵבִיא קָרְבְּנוֹתָיו לִשְׁמָן, תִּגְלַחְתּוֹ פְסוּלָה, וּזְבָחָיו לֹא עָלוּ לוֹ. גִּלַּח עַל הָעוֹלָה אוֹ עַל הַשְּׁלָמִים שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׁמָן וְאַחַר כָּךְ הֵבִיא קָרְבְּנוֹתָיו לִשְׁמָן, תִּגְלַחְתּוֹ פְסוּלָה, וּזְבָחָיו לֹא עָלוּ לוֹ. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אוֹתוֹ הַזֶּבַח לֹא עָלָה לוֹ, אֲבָל שְׁאָר זְבָחִים עָלוּ לוֹ. וְאִם גִּלַּח עַל שְׁלָשְׁתָּן וְנִמְצָא אֶחָד מֵהֶן כָּשֵׁר, תִּגְלַחְתּוֹ כְשֵׁרָה, וְיָבִיא שְׁאָר הַזְּבָחִים:
Bartenura
ונמצא פסול. כגון שנשפך דמו, או יצא או נטמא:
תגלחתו פסולה. הואיל ונפסל הזבח שגלח עליו, הוה ליה כגלחוהו לסטים דאמרינן לעיל לרבי אליעזר סותר שבעה ימים ולרבנן סותר שלשים יום:
וזבחיו לא עלו לו. שאר הזבחים שהקריב אחר תגלחתו הפסולה, לא עלו לו, דכיון דצריך לסתור עד שיגדל שערו, הוי כאילו הקריבן קודם זמנם:
על החטאת שלא לשמה. היינו על הזבח ונמצא פסול, דחטאת שלא לשמה פסולה. ואיידי דבעי למתני על העולה ועל השלמים פלוגתא דרבי שמעון ורבנן, תנא נמי על החטאת:
על העולה ועל השלמים שלא לשמן וכו׳ תגלחתו פסולה. דהואיל ולא עלו לשם חובת שלמי נזיר ועולת נזיר, הוי ליה כמגלח על עולת נדבה ושלמי נדבה. ורבי שמעון סבר דאם גלח על עולת נדבה ושלמי נדבה יצא. ואין הלכה כרבי שמעון:
אם גלח על שלשתן. אחר שהקריבו שלשתן:
ונמצא אחד מהן כשר. והשאר פסולים:
תגלחתו בשרה. לדברי הכל. דהא תנן ואם גלח על אחד משלשתן יצא:
ונמצא פסול – as for example, if its blood was spilled or it left or was [ritually] defiled.
תגלחתו פסולה – since the sacrifice was disqualified that shaved upon, it was for him like bandits/thugs had shaved him for we said above (Tractate Nazir, Chapter 6, Mishnah 3; also see Talmud Nazir 39b as he source for Rabbi Eliezer’s comment ahead as pointed out in the commentary of Tosafot Yom Tov), according to Rabbi Eliezer, he loses seven days, and according to the Rabbis, he loses thirty days.
וזבחיו לא עלו לו – the rest of the sacrifices that he offered after his invalid shaving did not count for him, for since he needs to make void the days of the Nazirite’s vow which have been observed, until his hair grows, it is as if he offered them prior to their [appropriate] occasion.
על החטאת שלא לשמה – that is on the sacrifice and it is found invalid, for a sin-offering that is not offered for its own sake is invalid. And since it was necessary to teach about the burnt-offering and on the peace offering, concerning the dispute between Rabbi Shimon and the Rabbis, it (i.e., our Mishnah) also teaches about the sin-offering.
על העולה ועל השלמים שלא לשמן וכו' תגלחתו פסולה – for since they did not count for the sake of the obligation of the peace offerings of he Nazirite and the burnt offering of the Nazirite, it is for him like he shaved on the burnt offering of a free-will offering and a free-will offering of a peace offering. But Rabbi Shimon holds that if he shaved on a free-will burnt offering and a free-will peace offering, he has fulfilled his obligation, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.
אם גלח על שלשתן – after he offered all three (i.e., sin-offering, burnt-offering and peace offering),
his shaving is valid, according to all opinions, for it is taught in the Mishnah (i.e., this Mishnah), that if he cut his hair on one of the three [sacrifices which was found valid], he has fulfilled his religious obligation.