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Perek 4

Mishnayos Yoma Perek 4 Mishnah 1

יומא פרק ד׳ משנה א׳

1
The High Priest would mix the lots in the lottery receptacle used to hold them and draw the two lots from it, one in each hand. Upon one was written: For God. And upon the other one was written: For Azazel. The deputy High Priest would stand to the High Priest’s right, and the head of the patrilineal family would stand to his left. If the lot for the name of God came up in his right hand, the Deputy would say to him: My master, High Priest, raise your right hand so that all can see with which hand the lot for God was selected. And if the lot for the name of God came up in his left hand, the head of the patrilineal family would say to him: My master, High Priest, raise your left hand. Then he would place the two lots upon the two goats, the lot that arose in his right hand on the goat standing to his right side and the lot in his left hand on the goat to his left. And upon placing the lot for God upon the appropriate goat, he would say: For God, as a sin-offering. Rabbi Yishmael says: He need not say: As a sin-offering. Rather, it is sufficient to say: For God. And upon saying the name of God, the priests and the people respond after him: Blessed be the name of His glorious kingdom forever and all time.

טָרַף בַּקַּלְפִּי וְהֶעֱלָה שְׁנֵי גוֹרָלוֹת. אֶחָד כָּתוּב עָלָיו לַשֵּׁם וְאֶחָד כָּתוּב עָלָיו לַעֲזָאזֵל. הַסְּגָן בִּימִינוֹ וְרֹאשׁ בֵּית אָב מִשְּׂמֹאלוֹ. אִם שֶׁל שֵׁם עָלָה בִימִינוֹ, הַסְּגָן אוֹמֵר לוֹ, אִישִׁי כֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, הַגְבֵּהַּ יְמִינֶךָ. וְאִם שֶׁל שֵׁם עָלָה בִשְׂמֹאלוֹ, רֹאשׁ בֵּית אָב אוֹמֵר לוֹ, אִישִׁי כֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, הַגְּבֵּהַּ שְׂמֹאלֶךָ. נְתָנוֹ עַל שְׁנֵי הַשְּׂעִירִים וְאוֹמֵר, לַיְיָ חַטָּאת. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, לֹא הָיָה צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר חַטָּאת, אֶלָּא לַיְיָ. וְהֵן עוֹנִין אַחֲרָיו, בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד:

א׳

טרף בקלפי – seized forcibly, hastily and took suddenly with a haste of the ballot, as we taught [in the Mishnah] above (Tractate Yoma, Chapter 3, Mishnah 9), and there was an urn for the drawing of lots. And why with haste? In order that they should that they should not intend to recognize with his touch which was for God and take it in his right hand, because it was a pleasant sign when he would raise it with his right hand.

והעלה שני גורלות – one in his right hand and one in his left, and the goats stand one to his right and the other to his left, and he would give the lot that came up on the right [hand] on the goat of the right side, and the lot that rose in his left [hand] on the goat of the left.

לה' חטאת – he would mention the explicit name of God, and that is the name of Yud, Hei, (Vav, Hei) as it is written.

ור' ישמעאל אומר לא היה צריך וכו' – But the Halakah is not according to Rabbi Yishmael.

והן עונין אחריו – when he would mention the Name [of God].

טרף בקלפי. טרף חטף ולקח פתאום בחטיפה בקלפי, ששנינו למעלה וקלפי היתה שם. ולמה בחטיפה, כדי שלא יתכוין להכיר במשמושו איזה של שם ויטלנו בימין, לפי שסימן יפה היה כשהיה עולה בימין:

והעלה שני גורלות. אחד בימין ואחד בשמאל. והשעירים עומדים אחד לימין ואחד לשמאל, ונתן גורל שעלה בימין על שעיר של ימין וגורל שעלה בשמאל על שעיר של שמאל:

לה׳ חטאת. שם המפורש היה מזכיר, והוא שם של יו״ד ה״א כמו שהוא נכתב:

ר׳ ישמעאל אומר לא היה צריך כו׳ ואין הלכה כר״י:

והן עונים אחריו. כשמזכיר את השם: