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Perek 1

Mishnayos Pesachim Perek 1 Mishnah 3

פסחים פרק א׳ משנה ג׳

3
Rabbi Yehuda says: One searches for leaven on the evening of the fourteenth of Nisan, and on the fourteenth in the morning, and at the time of the removal of leaven. And the Rabbis say: that is not the case; however, if one did not search on the evening of the fourteenth he should search on the fourteenth during the day. If he did not search on the fourteenth, he should search during the festival of Passover. If he did not search during the Festival, he should search after the Festival, as any leaven that remained in his possession during the Festival is classified as leaven owned by a Jew during Passover, which one is obligated to remove. And the principle is: With regard to the leaven that one leaves after the search, he should place it in a concealed location where it will most likely be left untouched, so that it will not require searching after it if it goes missing.

רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, בּוֹדְקִין אוֹר אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר וּבְאַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר שַׁחֲרִית וּבִשְׁעַת הַבִּעוּר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, לֹא בָדַק אוֹר אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר, יִבְדֹּק בְּאַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר. לֹא בָדַק בְּאַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר, יִבְדֹּק בְּתוֹךְ הַמּוֹעֵד. לֹא בָדַק בְּתוֹךְ הַמּוֹעֵד, יִבְדֹּק לְאַחַר הַמּוֹעֵד. וּמַה שֶּׁמְּשַׁיֵּר, יַנִּיחֶנּוּ בְצִנְעָא, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא צָרִיךְ בְּדִיקָה אַחֲרָיו:

ג׳

בודקים אור ארבעה עשר ובארבעה עשר שחרית – This is how it should be understood: In one of these three periods alone, we search [for Hametz], but after these three periods, if he did not [conduct a] search, he does not have to do go back and [conduct a] search.

בתוך המועד – At the sixth hour which is the appointed time for removal [of the Hametz].

לאחר המועד – until it gets dark. And there are those who explain [the phrase] "בתוך המועד"/the appointed time [as] in the midst of Passover; and [the phrase] "לאחר המועד"/after the appointed time [as] after Passover [entirely], in order that he would not mix/combine for himself Hametz/leavened products that over which Passover had passed (i.e., which had been in the house during Passover) [from which] it is prohibited to derive benefit with permitted Hametz which was made after Passover. And Rabbi Yehuda holds after the removal [of the Hametz], that is after the time of prohibition of Hametz, he should not do a search at all perhaps he will come to eat from it. And the Rabbis say that he should do a search after the time of its prohibition, and we should not be concerned that perhaps he would come to eat from it since his whole essence is moving back and forth to burn it. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.

בודקים אור ארבעה עשר ובארבעה עשר שחרית. הכי קאמר, באחד מג׳ פרקים הללו בלבד בודקים, ולאחר ג׳ פרקים הללו אם לא בדק שוב אינו בודק:

בתוך המועד. בשעה ששית שהוא מועד הביעור:

לאחר המועד. עד שתחשך. ואית דמפרשי בתוך המועד, בתוך הפסח. לאחר המועד, לאחר הפסח. כדי שלא יתערב לו חמץ שעבר עליו הפסח שהוא אסור בהנאה בחמץ של היתר שנעשה לאחר הפסח. ור׳ יהודה סבר לאחר הביעור, דהיינו לאחר זמן איסורו של חמץ, לא יבדוק כלל דלמא אתי למיכל מיניה. ורבנן אמרי יבדוק לאחר זמן איסורו, ולא חיישינן דלמא אתי למיכל מיניה כיון שכל עצמו מחזר עליו לשורפו. ואין הלכה כרבי יהודה: