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Perek 16

Mishnayos Shabbos Perek 16 Mishnah 8

שבת פרק ט"ז משנה ח׳

8
If a gentile kindled a lamp on Shabbat for his own purposes, a Jew also uses its light; and if the gentile kindled it for a Jew, the Sages prohibited to utilize its light. Similarly, if a gentile drew water from a well in the public domain to give his animal to drink, a Jew gives his own animal to drink after him from the same water; and if he drew the water initially for the benefit of a Jew, it is prohibited for a Jew to give his animal to drink from that water. Similarly, if a gentile made a ramp on Shabbat to disembark from a ship, a Jew disembarks after him; and if he made the ramp for a Jew, it is prohibited. There was an incident in which Rabban Gamliel and the Elders were traveling on a ship and a gentile made a ramp on Shabbat in order to disembark from the ship on it; and Rabban Gamliel and the Elders disembarked on it as well.

נָכְרִי שֶׁהִדְלִיק אֶת הַנֵּר, מִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ לְאוֹרוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְאִם בִּשְׁבִיל יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָסוּר. מִלֵּא מַיִם לְהַשְׁקוֹת בְּהֶמְתּוֹ, מַשְׁקֶה אַחֲרָיו יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְאִם בִּשְׁבִיל יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָסוּר. עָשָׂה גוֹי כֶּבֶשׁ לֵירֵד בּוֹ, יוֹרֵד אַחֲרָיו יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְאִם בִּשְׁבִיל יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָסוּר. מַעֲשֶׂה בְרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל וּזְקֵנִים שֶׁהָיוּ בָאִין בִּסְפִינָה, וְעָשָׂה גוֹי כֶּבֶשׁ לֵירֵד בּוֹ, וְיָרְדוּ בוֹ רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל וּזְקֵנִים:

ח׳

מילא מים – from a well in the public thoroughfare.

כבש – they make on a large ship to descend by it from the ship to the dry land and it was necessary for the teacher [of the Mishnah] to teach us about a candle and water, for if the teacher [of the Mishnah] had only taught the candle, one would think that it is a candle that is permitted, for it is impossible to make a decree lest it be increased for a Jew/Israelite, for a candle for one is a candle for one-hundred, but regarding water, one would be able to decree that it is prohibited. But if the Mishnah only taught regarding water, one would think that it is water that is for the Jew that is prohibited, but a candle, even though it was for a Jew, since he (i.e., the non-Jew) also needs it, it is permissible for the candle for since a candle for one is like a candle for one-hundred, [both] are necessary. But a ramp, even though it is similar to a candle as a ramp for one is a ramp for one-hundred, because of the episode related of Rabban Gamaliel and the elders the teacher of the Mishnah taught it as the practical decision is a teacher (a guiding precedent).

מילא מים. מבור ברשות הרבים:

כבש. עושין בספינה גדולה לירד בו מן הספינה ליבשה. ואיצטריך תנא לאשמעינן נר ומים, דאי תנא נר הוה אמינא נר הוא דשרי דליכא למגזר שמא ירבה בשביל ישראל דנר לאחד נר למאה, אבל מים דאיכא למיגזר אסור. ואי אשמעינן מים הוה אמינא מים הוא דבשביל ישראל אסור, אבל נר אף על גב דבשביל ישראל כיון דאיהו נמי צריך ליה שרי, דנר לאחד נר למאה, צריכא. וכבש אף על גב דדמי לנר, דכבש לאחד כבש למאה, משום מעשה דרבן גמליאל וזקנים תנא ליה, דמעשה רב: