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Perek 9

Mishnayos Eruchin Perek 9 Mishnah 7

ערכין פרק ט׳ משנה ז׳

7
With regard to the houses of the unwalled courtyards mentioned in the Torah (see Leviticus 25:31), i.e., houses in villages that are not surrounded by walls, one accords them the exceptional provisions that apply to houses of walled cities and the exceptional provisions that apply to fields. Therefore, they are redeemed immediately and for the entire twelve months following the sale, like in the sale of houses of walled cities, and not like fields, which may be redeemed only after two years. And they leave the possession of the buyer during the Jubilee Year or with a per annum deduction from the money of the sale price, like the sale of fields. By contrast, houses of walled cities become the possession of the buyer in perpetuity after one year, and if they are redeemed within the year, one pays the full sale price. And these are the houses of the unwalled courtyards whose halakha was taught in the previous mishna: Any city in which there are two courtyards each containing two houses, although it is surrounded by a wall from the era of Joshua, son of Nun, their halakhic status is like that of the houses of the unwalled courtyards.

בָּתֵּי הַחֲצֵרִים, נוֹתְנִים לָהֶם כֹּחַ הַיָּפֶה שֶׁבְּבָתֵּי עָרֵי חוֹמָה וְכֹחַ הַיָּפֶה שֶׁבַּשָּׂדוֹת. נִגְאָלִין מִיָּד, וְנִגְאָלִין כָּל שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ כַּבָּתִּים, וְיוֹצְאִים בַּיּוֹבֵל וּבְגִרְעוֹן כֶּסֶף כַּשָּׂדוֹת. וְאֵלּוּ הֵן בָּתֵּי חֲצֵרִים, שְׁתֵּי חֲצֵרוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי שְׁנֵי בָתִּים, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמֻּקָּפִין חוֹמָה מִימוֹת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ כְבָתֵּי חֲצֵרִים:

ז׳

בתי החצרים – that these villages lack a wall.

כח יפה (strong legal right, privilege) – as it is explained,

and they are redeemed immediately, that it is not necessary to delay him for two years in the hand of the purchaser like that of fields, as it is written concerning them (Leviticus 25:31): “they may be redeemed/גאלה תהיה לו [and they shall be released through the jubilee],” implying that he may redeem it immediately (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 9, Mishnah 3) if he wants and that is like dwelling houses in a walled city.

ובגרעון כסף (see Tractate Arakhin, Chapter 9, Mishnah 1) – [at a reduced price] – that the purchaser deducts for him according to the years that they remained in his hand, like fields. For regarding the houses in villages/בתי החצרים , it is written (Leviticus 25:31): “they shall be classed as open country”/על שדה הארץ יחשב – that they go forth [by payment] of a reduced price like fields.

שתי חצרות של שני שני בתים – a city which doesn’t have in it other than two courtyards, even though it is surround by a wall from the time of Joshua, are regarded as houses in villages.

בתי החצרים. שאין להם לעיירות חומה:

כח יפה. כדמפרש:

ונגאלים מיד. שאין צריך לשהותו שתי שנים ביד הלוקח כשדות. דכתיב בהו גאולה תהיה לו, דמשמע מיד יגאלנו אם ירצה והיינו כבתים של ערי חומה:

ובגרעון כסף. שמנכה לו הלוקח לפי שנים ששהו בידו, כשדות. דבבתי החצרים כתיב על שדה הארץ יחשב, שיוצאים בגרעון כסף כשדות:

שתי חצרות של שני שני בתים. עיר שאין בה אלא שתי חצרות אע״פ שהיא מוקפת חומה מימות יהושע, נחשבין כבתי החצרים: