Mishnayos Bava Basra Perek 9 Mishnah 9
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בבא בתרא פרק ט׳ משנה ט׳
If the house collapsed upon a husband and upon his wife, and it is unknown who died first, if the wife did not have any children from her husband, then the following claims arise: The husband’s heirs say: The wife died first and was inherited by her husband, and afterward the husband died, and therefore the husband’s heirs inherit both his and her property. The wife’s heirs say: The husband died first and afterward the wife died, and her heirs inherit the property that she brought with her to the marriage and the payment of her marriage contract. Beit Shammai say: They divide the property under dispute between them. And Beit Hillel say: The guaranteed property that the wife brought with her to the marriage retains its previous ownership status. The sum of the marriage contract remains in the possession of the husband’s heirs, since the marriage contract is collected from the husband’s property. Property that is brought into and taken out of the marriage with her, i.e., usufruct property that remains in the wife’s possession during her marriage, remains in the possession of the heirs of the woman’s father.
נָפַל הַבַּיִת עָלָיו וְעַל אִשְׁתּוֹ, יוֹרְשֵׁי הַבַּעַל אוֹמְרִים, הָאִשָּׁה מֵתָה רִאשׁוֹנָה וְאַחַר כָּךְ מֵת הַבַּעַל, יוֹרְשֵׁי הָאִשָּׁה אוֹמְרִים, הַבַּעַל מֵת רִאשׁוֹן וְאַחַר כָּךְ מֵתָה הָאִשָּׁה, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, יַחֲלֹקוּ. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, נְכָסִים בְּחֶזְקָתָן, כְּתֻבָּה בְּחֶזְקַת יוֹרְשֵׁי הַבַּעַל, נְכָסִים הַנִּכְנָסִים וְהַיּוֹצְאִין עִמָּהּ בְּחֶזְקַת יוֹרְשֵׁי הָאָב:
Bartenura
האשה מתה תחילה. ואין ליורשי האשה כלום, שהרי הבעל מת אחרון וירש את אשתו:
נכסים בחזקתן. נכסי צאן ברזל בחזקתן. ולא פירשו בית הלל אי בחזקת יורשי האשה שהיו שלה, אי בחזקת יורשי הבעל שאחריותן עליו, הלכך נכסי צאן ברזל יחלוקו:
וכתובת אשה. שהם מנה מאתים ותוספת, נשארים בחזקת יורשי הבעל:
ונכסים הנכנסים ויוצאים עמה. הם נכסי מלוג. שבשעה שהיא נכנסת נכנסים עמה וכשהיא יוצאת יוצאים עמה. אם פחתו פחתו לה ואם הותירו הותירו לה. אלו הם בחזקת יורשי האשה. נמצאו יורשי האשה נוטלים כל נכסי מלוג וחצי נכסי צאן ברזל:
האשה מתה תחלה – and there is nothing for the inheritors of the wife, for the husband died last and inherited his wife.
נכסים בחזקתן – mort-main (i.e., wife’s estate held by her husband, which in case of her death or divorce he must restore “in specie,” being responsible with all his landed property for loss or deterioration) belongs to present occupants but the School of Hillel did not explain if it is in the possession of the inheritors of the wife which were hers or in the possession of the inheritors of the husband for their responsibility is upon him. Therefore, the mort-main is to be divided.
וכתובת אשה – which are a Maneh (= 100 silver denars) or two hundred (denars) and a supplement which remain in the possession of the inheritors of the husband.
ונכסים הנכנסים והיוצאים עמה – these are the usufruct (i.e., the wife’s estate of which the husband has the fruition without responsibility for loss or deterioration) for at the time that she enters [into marriage], they enter with her, and if they lessened, they lessen for her, and if they increased, they increased for her, it is found that the inheritors of the wife take all the usufruct and half of the mort-main.