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Mishnayos Gittin Perek 3 Mishnah 1

גיטין פרק ג׳ משנה א׳

1

Any bill of divorce that was not written for the sake of a specific woman is invalid. How so? In a case of a man who was passing through the marketplace and heard the sound of scribes who write bills of divorce dictating the text to their students: The man so-and-so divorces so-and-so from the place of such and such; and the man said: This is my name and that is the name of my wife, and he wishes to use this bill for his divorce, this bill is unfit for him to divorce his wife with it, as it was not written for the sake of any woman. Moreover, if one wrote a bill of divorce with which to divorce his wife but later reconsidered, and a resident of his town found him and said to him: My name is the same as your name, and my wife’s name is the same as your wife’s name, and we reside in the same town; give me the bill of divorce and I will use it; the bill of divorce is unfit for the second man to divorce his wife with it. Moreover, if one had two wives and their names were identical, and he wrote a bill of divorce to divorce the older one and then reconsidered, he may not divorce the younger one with it. Moreover, if he said to the scribe: Write a bill of divorce for whichever one of them that I will want and I will divorce her with it, this bill of divorce is unfit for him to divorce either wife with it.

כָּל גֵּט שֶׁנִּכְתַּב שֶׁלֹּא לְשׁוּם אִשָּׁה, פָּסוּל. כֵּיצַד. הָיָה עוֹבֵר בַּשּׁוּק וְשָׁמַע קוֹל סוֹפְרִים מַקְרִין, אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי מְגָרֵשׁ אֶת פְּלוֹנִית מִמָּקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, וְאָמַר, זֶה שְּׁמִי וְזֶה שֵּׁם אִשְׁתִּי, פָּסוּל לְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ. יָתֵר מִכֵּן, כָּתַב לְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ וְנִמְלַךְ, מְצָאוֹ בֶן עִירוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ, שְׁמִי כִשְׁמֶךָ וְשֵׁם אִשְׁתִּי כְשֵׁם אִשְׁתֶּךָ, פָּסוּל לְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ. יָתֵר מִכֵּן, הָיוּ לוֹ שְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים וּשְׁמוֹתֵיהֶן שָׁווֹת, כָּתַב לְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ אֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה, לֹא יְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ אֶת הַקְּטַנָּה. יָתֵר מִכֵּן, אָמַר לַלַּבְלָר, כְּתֹב לְאֵיזוֹ שֶׁאֶרְצֶה אֲגָרֵשׁ, פָּסוּל לְגָרֵשׁ בּוֹ:

א׳
Bartenura

כל גט – קול סופרים מקרין – The adults read [the Jewish bill of divorce] to their students, and when the Jewish bill of divorce comes before you, write it as such, and they mentioned the name of any person.

יותר מכן – and not only this – that the Jewish bill of divorce that was not written for the sake of Jewish divorce but only for practice (see Gittin 24b), but even that which was written for the sake of Jewish divorce completely, but he [i.e., the husband], changed his mind, it is invalid.

יתר מכאן היו לו ב' נשים כו' – and not only this alone that it (i.e., the Jewish bill of divorce) was written not for the sake of divorce of this person, it is invalid. But even if he had two wives and it was written for the sake of [the] divorce of this man, it is invalid, since it was not written for the sake of divorce of that woman.

גדולה וקטנה – not exactly.

יתר מכאן – it comes to teach us that we do not say that the matter is clear retroactively, for at the time it is written, it was also his intention for this one, and there is a divorce for him and her.

כל גט. קול סופרים מקרין. הגדולים מקרין לתלמידיהם, כשיבא גט לפניך כתבהו כך. והזכירו שם אינש בעלמא:

יותר מכן. ולא זה בלבד שנכתב שלא לשם גירושין אלא להתלמד, אלא אף זה שנכתב לשם גירושין גמורים ונמלך, פסול:

יתר מכן היו לו ב׳ נשים כו׳ ולא זה בלבד שנכתב שלא לשם גירושין של אדם זה, פסול. אלא אף זה שהיו לו שתי נשים שנכתב לשם גירושין דהאי גברא, פסול, כיון שנכתב שלא לשם גירושין של זו:

גדולה וקטנה. לאו דוקא:

יתר מכן אמר ללבלר וכו׳ הא קמ״ל דלא אמרינן הוברר הדבר למפרע דבשעת כתיבה נמי דעתיה אהא ואיכא גירושין דידיה ודידה: