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Perek 8

Mishnayos Nedarim Perek 8 Mishnah 5

נדרים פרק ח׳ משנה ה׳

5
If one takes a vow until the rains, or until there are rains, the vow remains in effect until the second rain of the rainy season falls. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Until the time of the second rainfall arrives, even if rain does not fall. If one takes a vow until the rains end, the vow remains in effect until the entire month of Nisan has ended; this is the statement of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yehuda says: Until Passover has passed. In the case of one who said: Wine is konam for me, and for that reason I will not taste it for the entire year, if the year was extended, i.e., it was declared to be a leap year, he is prohibited from drinking wine during the year and its intercalated month. If he vowed until the beginning of the month of Adar, the vow remains in effect until the beginning of the first Adar. Similarly, if he says that his vow applies until the end of Adar, the vow remains in effect until the end of the first Adar. Rabbi Yehuda says: In the case of one who says: Wine is konam for me, and for that reason I will not taste it until it will be Passover, it is understood that this individual intended for his vow to apply only until the night of Passover, i.e., until the time when it is customary for people to drink wine in order to fulfill the mitzva of drinking the four cups, but he did not intend to prevent himself from being able to fulfill this mitzva.

עַד הַגְּשָׁמִים, עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ הַגְּשָׁמִים, עַד שֶׁתֵּרֵד רְבִיעָה שְׁנִיָּה. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ זְמַנָּהּ שֶׁל רְבִיעָה. עַד שֶׁיִּפָּסְקוּ גְשָׁמִים, עַד שֶׁיֵּצֵא נִיסָן כֻּלּוֹ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, עַד שֶׁיַּעֲבֹר הַפֶּסַח. קוֹנָם יַיִן שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֵם הַשָּׁנָה, נִתְעַבְּרָה הַשָּׁנָה, אָסוּר בָּהּ וּבְעִבּוּרָהּ. עַד רֹאשׁ אֲדָר, עַד רֹאשׁ אֲדָר הָרִאשׁוֹן. עַד סוֹף אֲדָר, עַד סוֹף אֲדָר הָרִאשׁוֹן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, קוֹנָם יַיִן שֶׁאֵינִי טוֹעֵם עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא הַפֶּסַח, אֵינוֹ אָסוּר אֶלָּא עַד לֵיל הַפֶּסַח, שֶׁלֹּא נִתְכַּוֵּן זֶה אֶלָּא עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ בְּנֵי אָדָם לִשְׁתּוֹת יָיִן:

ה׳

עד הגשמים עד שיהיו גשמים – in which expression from these two phraseologies that he expressed from his lips, he is permitted since when the rains begin to fall in the second rainfall/fructification which is, in a late year, on Rosh Hodesh Kislev. Therefore, one who takes a vow “until the rains [come]” is prohibited until Rosh Hodesh Kislev, unless it (i.e., rain) fell at the beginning of their time which is in an early year on the seventeenth of Heshvan, and in an average year on the twenty-third of it (i.e., Heshvan). And such is the Halakah. But not according to Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel who states until the time arrives for the rainfall/fructification.

ר"י ומר עד שיעבור הפסח – and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.

עד הגשמים עד שיהיו גשמים. באיזה לשון משתי לשונות הללו שהוציא מפיו, מותר כיון שהתחילו הגשמים לירד ברביעה שניה, שהיא בשנה המאוחרת בר״ח כסליו. הלכך הנודר עד הגשמים אסור עד ראש חדש כסליו, אלא אם כן ירדו גשמים בתחלת זמנן שהוא בשנה המבכרת בי״ז במרחשון, ובשנה הבינונית בכ״ג בו. וכן הלכה. ולא כרשב״ג שאומר עד שיגיע זמנה של רביעה:

רבי יהודה אומר עד שיעבור הפסח. והלכה כרבי יהודה: