Mishnayos Yevamos Perek 15 Mishnah 1
Change text layout:
יבמות פרק ט"ו משנה א׳
With regard to a woman who went, she and her husband, overseas, if there was peace between him and her, i.e., the couple were not fighting at the time, and there was also peace in the world, i.e., there was no war at that time, and the woman came back by herself and said: My husband died, she may marry on the basis of her own testimony. Likewise, if she said: My husband died, and they did not have children, but her husband had a brother, she may enter into levirate marriage. If there was peace between him and her when they left but there was war in the world, or if there was a quarrel between him and her and peace in the world, and she came and said: My husband died, she is not deemed credible, as she may be mistaken or lying. Rabbi Yehuda says: She is never deemed credible when she testifies that her husband died, unless she came crying and her clothing was torn, in which case it is apparent that she is speaking the truth. They said to him: This is an incorrect distinction. Rather, both this woman who cries and this woman who does not cry may marry on the basis of their own testimony.
הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁהָלְכָה הִיא וּבַעְלָהּ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם, שָׁלוֹם בֵּינוֹ לְבֵינָהּ וְשָׁלוֹם בָּעוֹלָם, וּבָאתָה וְאָמְרָה, מֵת בַּעְלִי, תִּנָּשֵׂא. מֵת בַּעְלִי, תִּתְיַבֵּם. שָׁלוֹם בֵּינוֹ לְבֵינָהּ וּמִלְחָמָה בָעוֹלָם, קְטָטָה בֵינוֹ לְבֵינָהּ וְשָׁלוֹם בָּעוֹלָם, וּבָאתָה וְאָמְרָה, מֵת בַּעְלִי, אֵינָהּ נֶאֱמֶנֶת. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, לְעוֹלָם אֵינָהּ נֶאֱמֶנֶת, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן בָּאתָה בוֹכָה וּבְגָדֶיהָ קְרוּעִין. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, אַחַת זוֹ וְאַחַת זוֹ, תִּנָּשֵׂא:
Bartenura
האשה. שלום בינו לבינה. שאם היתה קטטה בינו לבינה דלמא מחמת שנאה מכוונה לאסור עצמה עליו:
ושלום בעולם. שאם היה שעת חירום דלמא כשראתה ששהה הרבה זמן ולא חזר אמרה ודאי לסטים הרגוהו. אי נמי, ראתה אותו מוכה במלחמה וסברה ודאי ימות. אבל כששלום בעולם אי לא חזיתיה דמית ודאי חיישא לקלקולא שמא יבא לאחר שתנשא, ותהא מקולקלת:
רבי יהודה אומר כו׳ ולית הלכתא כוותיה:
אמרו לו. לרבי יהודה פקחת תנשא שוטה לא תנשא, אלא אחת זו ואחת זו תנשא:
האשה. שלום בינו לבינה – for if there had been a dispute between him and her, perhaps on account of hatred, she intended to prohibit herself with him.
ושלום בעולם – for if there had been a time of an interdiction of travel, perhaps when she saw that he delayed a long time and did not return, she said; “certainly thugs killed him.” Alternatively, if she saw that he was wounded in war and she thought that the certainly would die, but when there is peace in the world, if she did not see that he died, certainly there is suspicion of disgrace lest he come after she marries married, and she will be disgraced by immorality.
רבי יהודה אומר כו' – and the Halakha is not according to his view.
אמרו לו – to Rabbi Yehuda, he should marry a bright/smart woman, an imbecile woman, he should not marry, but rather, all are the same.