Mishnayos Megillah Perek 4 Mishnah 2
Change text layout:
מגילה פרק ד׳ משנה ב׳
On the days of the New Moon and on the intermediate days of a Festival, four people read from the Torah; one may neither decrease the number of readers nor add to them. And one does not conclude with a reading from the Prophets. Both the one who begins the reading and the one who concludes the reading from the Torah recite a blessing. The first reader recites a blessing before the beginning of the reading, and the last reader recites a blessing after its conclusion, but the middle readers do not recite a blessing. The mishna formulates a general principle with regard to the number of people who read from the Torah on different occasions. This is the principle: Any day on which there is an additional offering sacrificed in the Temple and that is not a Festival, i.e., the New Moon and the intermediate days of a Festival, four people read from the Torah; on a Festival, five people read; on Yom Kippur, six people read; and on Shabbat, seven people read. One may not decrease the number of readers, but one may add to them. And on these days one concludes with a reading from the Prophets. Both the one who begins the reading and the one who concludes the reading from the Torah recite a blessing; one recites before the beginning of the reading and one recites after its conclusion, but the middle readers do not recite a blessing.
בְּרָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים וּבְחֻלּוֹ שֶׁל מוֹעֵד, קוֹרִין אַרְבָּעָה, אֵין פּוֹחֲתִין מֵהֶן וְאֵין מוֹסִיפִין עֲלֵיהֶן, וְאֵין מַפְטִירִין בַּנָּבִיא. הַפּוֹתֵחַ וְהַחוֹתֵם בַּתּוֹרָה, מְבָרֵךְ לְפָנֶיהָ וּלְאַחֲרֶיהָ. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כָּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ מוּסָף וְאֵינוֹ יוֹם טוֹב, קוֹרִין אַרְבָּעָה. בְּיוֹם טוֹב, חֲמִשָּׁה. בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, שִׁשָּׁה. בְּשַׁבָּת, שִׁבְעָה. אֵין פּוֹחֲתִין מֵהֶן, אֲבָל מוֹסִיפִין עֲלֵיהֶן, וּמַפְטִירִין בַּנָּבִיא. הַפּוֹתֵחַ וְהַחוֹתֵם בַּתּוֹרָה, מְבָרֵךְ לְפָנֶיהָ וּלְאַחֲרֶיהָ:
Bartenura
ואין מוסיפין עליהן. דבראשי חדשים ובחולו של מועד נמי איכא בטול מלאכה, דמלאכת דבר האבד מותרת:
בי״ט ה׳ דכל דטפי ליה מלתא מחבריה, טפי ליה גברא. הלכך בראשי חדשים ובמועד דאיכא קרבן מוסף קורין ד׳. יו״ט דאיכא בטול מלאכה קורין חמשה. ויוה״כ דענוש כרת קורין ששה. שבת דחיוב סקילה קורין שבעה:
ואין מוסיפין עליהן – since on the New Moons and on the Intermediate Days of the Festival, there is also idleness from work, since work [related to] a business which cannot be postponed without irretrievable loss is permitted.
ביו"ט ה' – since anything that is greater than something of the same kind, increases the number of me. Therefore, on New Moons and on the Intermediate Days of the Festival,, where there is a Musaf/additional sacrifice, we read four [aliyot]; on Yom Tov/festivals where there is idleness from work, we read five, and on Yom Kippur which [if violated] is punished by extirpation, we read six. On Shabbat in which [one is] liable for stoning, we read seven [aliyot].